a) Acetic acid, oxalic acid, formic acid Interpretation: Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity. Concept introduction: Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group. To arrange: Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

Question

Rank the Acidity of the following sets of compounds. Give an explanation for the answers.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 36AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acetic acid, oxalic acid, formic acid

Interpretation:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid

Interpretation:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Interpretation Introduction

c) Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid, iodoacetic acid

Interpretation:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

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Rank the Acidity of the following sets of compounds. Give an explanation for the answers.

Rank the acidity of the following sets of compounds.

(a) Explain how NaBH, in CH;OH can reduce hemiacetal A to 1,4-butanediol (HOCH,CH,CH,CH,OH). (b) What product is formed when A is treated with Ph;P=CHCH,CH(CH),? (c) The drug isotretinoin is formed by reaction of X and Y. What is the structure of isotretinoin? Although isotretinoin (trade name Accutane or Roaccutane) is used for the treatment of severe acne, it is dispensed under strict controls because it also causes birth defects. PPha NaOCH,CH3 HO- isotretinoin HO A Br X Y

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 36AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acetic acid, oxalic acid, formic acid

Interpretation:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid

Interpretation:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Interpretation Introduction

c) Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid, iodoacetic acid

Interpretation:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 36AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acetic acid, oxalic acid, formic acid

Interpretation:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid

Interpretation:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Interpretation Introduction

c) Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid, iodoacetic acid

Interpretation:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 36AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acetic acid, oxalic acid, formic acid

Interpretation:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid

Interpretation:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Interpretation Introduction

c) Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid, iodoacetic acid

Interpretation:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

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Answer 5

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 36AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acetic acid, oxalic acid, formic acid

Interpretation:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid

Interpretation:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Interpretation Introduction

c) Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid, iodoacetic acid

Interpretation:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

Answer 6

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 36AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acetic acid, oxalic acid, formic acid

Interpretation:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

Answer 7

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 36AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acetic acid, oxalic acid, formic acid

Interpretation:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid

Interpretation:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid

Interpretation:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

p-Bromobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c) Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid, iodoacetic acid

Interpretation:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c) Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid, iodoacetic acid

Interpretation:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Concept introduction:

Any electron withdrawing group present in the acid increases the acidity of the acid while any electron releasing group present in the acid decreases the acidity. Inductive effect decreases with increasing distance of the substituent from the functional group.

To arrange:

Fluoroacetic acid, 3-fluoropropanoic acid and iodoacetic acid in the increasing order of their acidity.

Answer 12

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Answer 23

Ch. 20.1 - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 20.1 - Draw structures corresponding to the following...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 3P Ch. 20.2 - The Ka for dichloroacetic acid is 3.32 Ă— 10-2....Ch. 20.3 - Calculate the percentages of dissociated and...Ch. 20.4 - Which would you expect to be a stronger acid, the...Ch. 20.4 - Dicarboxylic acids have two dissociation...Ch. 20.4 - The pKa of p-cyclopropylbenzoic acid is 4.45. Is...Ch. 20.4 - Prob. 9P Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that acetic acid, oxalic acid and formic acid are to be arranged in the increasing order of their acidity.

Chapter 20 Solutions