Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781305079243
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 21, Problem 155CP
Stretch a rubber band while holding it gently to your lips. Then slowly let it relax while still in contact with your lips.
a. What happens to the temperature of the rubber band on stretching?
b. Is the stretching an exothermic or endothermic process?
c. Explain the above result in terms of intermolecular forces.
d. What is the sign of ∆S and ∆G for stretching the rubber hand?
e. Give the molecular explanation for the sign of ∆S for stretching.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Question 9 of 16.
#3
E
D
с
C
cmillan Learning
Essentials of General, Organic, and Biochemistry
Denise Guinn
THIRD EDITION
The table lists the specific heat values for brick, ethanol, and wood.
Specific Heats of Substances
Substance
Brick
Ethanol
Wood
4
Calculate the amount of heat, in calories, that must be added to warm 77.9 g of brick from 20.8 °C to 55.1 °C. Assume no
changes in state occur during this change in temperature.
heat added:
$
Calculate the amount of heat, in calories, that must be added to warm 77.9 g of ethanol from 20.8 °C to 55.1 °C. Assume no
changes in state occur during this change in temperature.
R
F
V
%
5
13
T
G Search or type URL
G
Specific Heat
0.20
0.58
0.10
^
6
B
MacBook Pro
Y
H
tv
&
7
N
U
J
9
* 00
8
M
+
-
(
9
K
<
O
<
H
1
)
O
O
➡
P
presented by Macmillan Learning
V
●
:
U
{
+ "1
21
=
?
11
I
cal
}
1
33. The amount of fat recommended for someone with a daily diet of 2000 Calories is 65 g. What percent of the calories in this diet would be supplied by this amount of fat if the average number of Calories for fat is 9.1 Calories/g?
Essentials of General, Organic, and Biochemistry
Denise Guinn
THIRD EDITION
presented by Macmillan Learning
The table lists the specific heat values for brick, ethanol, and wood.
Specific Heats of Substances
cal
Specific Heat
g. °C
Substance
Brick
0.20
Ethanol
0.58
Wood
0.10
Calculate the amount of heat, in calories, that must be added to warm 62.6 g of brick from 20.2 °C to 50.1 °C. Assume no
changes in state occur during this change in temperature.
heat added:
cal
Calculate the amount of heat, in calories, that must be added to warm 62.6 g of ethanol from 20.2 °C to 50.1 °C. Assume no
changes in state occur during this change in temperature.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Ch. 21 - What is a hydrocarbon? What is the difference...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2RQCh. 21 - Prob. 3RQCh. 21 - Summarize the nomenclature rules for alkanes,...Ch. 21 - What functional group distinguishes each of the...Ch. 21 - Distinguish between isomerism and resonance....Ch. 21 - Prob. 7RQCh. 21 - Prob. 8RQCh. 21 - Prob. 9RQCh. 21 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 21 - Prob. 11RQCh. 21 - Prob. 12RQCh. 21 - Prob. 1QCh. 21 - Prob. 2QCh. 21 - What is wrong with the following names? Give the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 4QCh. 21 - Prob. 5QCh. 21 - Prob. 6QCh. 21 - Prob. 7QCh. 21 - Prob. 8QCh. 21 - Prob. 9QCh. 21 - Prob. 10QCh. 21 - Prob. 11QCh. 21 - Prob. 12QCh. 21 - Prob. 13ECh. 21 - Prob. 14ECh. 21 - Draw all the structural isomers for C8H18 that...Ch. 21 - Draw all the structural isomers for C8H18 that...Ch. 21 - Prob. 17ECh. 21 - Prob. 18ECh. 21 - Draw the structural formula for each of the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 20ECh. 21 - Prob. 21ECh. 21 - Prob. 22ECh. 21 - Prob. 23ECh. 21 - Prob. 24ECh. 21 - Name each of the following alkenes. a. CH2 = CH ...Ch. 21 - Name each of the following alkenes or alkynes. a....Ch. 21 - Prob. 27ECh. 21 - Prob. 28ECh. 21 - Prob. 29ECh. 21 - Prob. 30ECh. 21 - Name each of the following. a. b. CH3CH2CH2CCl3 c....Ch. 21 - Prob. 32ECh. 21 - There is only one compound that is named...Ch. 21 - Prob. 34ECh. 21 - Prob. 35ECh. 21 - Prob. 36ECh. 21 - Prob. 37ECh. 21 - Prob. 38ECh. 21 - Prob. 39ECh. 21 - Prob. 40ECh. 21 - Draw all structural and geometrical (cistrans)...Ch. 21 - Prob. 42ECh. 21 - Prob. 43ECh. 21 - Prob. 44ECh. 21 - If one hydrogen in a hydrocarbon is replaced by a...Ch. 21 - There are three isomers of dichlorobenzene, one of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 47ECh. 21 - Prob. 48ECh. 21 - Prob. 49ECh. 21 - Minoxidil (C9H15N5O) is a compound produced by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 51ECh. 21 - Prob. 52ECh. 21 - Name all the alcohols that have the formula...Ch. 21 - Prob. 54ECh. 21 - Prob. 55ECh. 21 - Prob. 56ECh. 21 - Prob. 57ECh. 21 - Prob. 58ECh. 21 - Prob. 59ECh. 21 - Prob. 60ECh. 21 - Prob. 61ECh. 21 - Prob. 62ECh. 21 - Prob. 63ECh. 21 - Prob. 64ECh. 21 - Prob. 65ECh. 21 - Prob. 66ECh. 21 - Prob. 67ECh. 21 - Prob. 68ECh. 21 - Prob. 69ECh. 21 - Complete the following reactions. a. CH3CO2H +...Ch. 21 - Prob. 71ECh. 21 - Prob. 72ECh. 21 - Prob. 73ECh. 21 - Prob. 74ECh. 21 - Prob. 75ECh. 21 - The polyester formed from lactic acid, is used for...Ch. 21 - Prob. 77ECh. 21 - Prob. 78ECh. 21 - Prob. 79ECh. 21 - Prob. 80ECh. 21 - Prob. 81ECh. 21 - Prob. 82ECh. 21 - Prob. 83ECh. 21 - Prob. 84ECh. 21 - Prob. 85ECh. 21 - Prob. 86ECh. 21 - Prob. 87ECh. 21 - Prob. 88ECh. 21 - Prob. 89ECh. 21 - Prob. 90ECh. 21 - Prob. 91ECh. 21 - Prob. 92ECh. 21 - Prob. 93ECh. 21 - Prob. 94ECh. 21 - Prob. 95ECh. 21 - Prob. 96ECh. 21 - Prob. 97ECh. 21 - Prob. 98ECh. 21 - Prob. 99ECh. 21 - Prob. 100ECh. 21 - Prob. 101ECh. 21 - Prob. 102ECh. 21 - Prob. 103ECh. 21 - Prob. 104ECh. 21 - Prob. 105ECh. 21 - Prob. 106ECh. 21 - Which base will hydrogen-bond with uracil within...Ch. 21 - Prob. 108ECh. 21 - The base sequences in mRNA that code for certain...Ch. 21 - Prob. 110ECh. 21 - Prob. 111AECh. 21 - Prob. 112AECh. 21 - Prob. 113AECh. 21 - Prob. 114AECh. 21 - Prob. 115AECh. 21 - Prob. 116AECh. 21 - Prob. 117AECh. 21 - Prob. 118AECh. 21 - Prob. 119AECh. 21 - Prob. 120AECh. 21 - Prob. 121AECh. 21 - Prob. 122AECh. 21 - Prob. 123AECh. 21 - Prob. 124AECh. 21 - Prob. 125AECh. 21 - Prob. 126AECh. 21 - Prob. 127AECh. 21 - Prob. 128AECh. 21 - Prob. 129AECh. 21 - Prob. 130AECh. 21 - Prob. 131AECh. 21 - Prob. 132AECh. 21 - Prob. 133AECh. 21 - Prob. 134AECh. 21 - When heat is added to proteins, the hydrogen...Ch. 21 - Prob. 136AECh. 21 - Prob. 137CWPCh. 21 - Prob. 138CWPCh. 21 - Prob. 139CWPCh. 21 - Name each of the following alkenes and alkynes. a....Ch. 21 - a. Name each of the following alcohols. b. Name...Ch. 21 - Prob. 142CWPCh. 21 - Prob. 143CWPCh. 21 - Prob. 144CWPCh. 21 - Prob. 145CPCh. 21 - Prob. 146CPCh. 21 - Prob. 147CPCh. 21 - Prob. 148CPCh. 21 - Prob. 149CPCh. 21 - Prob. 150CPCh. 21 - Prob. 151CPCh. 21 - Prob. 152CPCh. 21 - Prob. 153CPCh. 21 - Prob. 154CPCh. 21 - Stretch a rubber band while holding it gently to...Ch. 21 - Alcohols are very useful starting materials for...Ch. 21 - Prob. 157CPCh. 21 - Prob. 158CPCh. 21 - Prob. 159IPCh. 21 - Prob. 160IPCh. 21 - Prob. 161MPCh. 21 - Prob. 162MP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What is a driving force? Name two common and important driving forces, and give an example of each. What is entropy? Although the total energy of the universe is constant, is the entropy of the universe constant? What is a spontaneous process?arrow_forwardhat is meant by the term driving forces? Why are mailer spread and energy spread considered to be driving forces?arrow_forwardThe table below shows the energy released when burning 1.0 g of each of the following organic compounds. Compound Energy released / kJg-1 Relative molecular mass Methane 55.7 16 Ethanol 29.8 46 Propanol 33.6 60 Octane 48.4 114 The standard enthalpy change of combustion of one of the above compounds is -2-016 kJmol-1. What is this organic compound?A. Methane B. Ethanol C. Propanol D. Octane 12. The thermochemical equation shown below refers to the combustion of ammonia. 4NH3(g) + 3O2(g) → 2N2(g) + 6H2O(g) ΔHoc = x kJ Which of the following statements concerning the above reaction are correct? (1) x is negative in value. (2) The standard enthalpy change of formation of water is 1/6 x kJ mol−1. (3) The standard enthalpy change of the reaction is 4 × ΔHoc [NH3(g)]. (1) only (2) only (1) and (3) only (2) and (3) only 13. A sample of aluminum absorbed 9.86 J of heat,…arrow_forward
- Now let's add a third closed container, Sample Z. Sample X: 500 mL of water Sample Y: 1 mole of sugar in 500 mL of water Sample Z: 1 mole of sodium phosphate in 500 mL of water 1. Which sample has the lowest entropy (S)? [Select] 2. Which sample has the lowest free energy (G)? [Select ] 3. Which sample is the most stable? [Select] 4. Which sample has the highest vapor pressure? [Select] 5. Which sample has the highest boiling point? [Select] 6. Which sample has the lowest freezing point? [Select]arrow_forwardWhat is the entropy of vaporization?_______J/mol What is the enthalpy of vaporization?_______kJ/molarrow_forwardOzone is formed in the atmosphere by thecombination of oxygen molecules withA. chlorofluorocarbons.B. hydrocarbons.C. oxygen atoms.D. CO2.E. ClO.arrow_forward
- MeO₂C. MeO₂C. OMe -OMe 1. NaH, DMF 2. H₂O* No Heat Ph₂P=CH-Me ÇO₂Me Me Harrow_forward3. Consider the dissolution of NH,NO, in a chemical cold process spontaneous? b. Is the process endothermic or exothermic? pack. a. Is the 4. Consider the vaporization of liquid water at 1 atmosphere. a. Is the process endothermic or exothermic? b. At what temperature is it spontaneous? c. At what temperature is it not spontaneous?arrow_forwardA pint of premium ice cream can contain 1100 Calories. What mass of fat, in grams, must be produced in the body to store an extra 1100 Calories if the average number of Calories for fat is 9.1 Calories/g? O 121 g O 75.6 g O 254 garrow_forward
- What is the name of the process shown below and how does it work (be specific about what happens to the molecules involved)? Which class of biomolecules (protein, lipid, carbohydrate, nucleic acid) are involved in this particular reaction example? List at least 2 types of functions this class of macromolecules might be involved in biologically. CH₂OH CH₂OH CH2OH CH₂OH НО ОН он ОН н ОН OH ОН Н + H2O → HO ОН ОН н OH + НО ОН ОН Н ОНarrow_forward1. Which of the following is true? It is possible to convert heat completely into work without wastage. The enthalpy of the universe is continuously increasing. The entropy of the universe is continuously increasing. A reaction is spontaneous if the change in enthalpy is greater than zero and the change in entropy is less than zero. 2. Which of the following is correct? * The change in free energy is the total free energy of the products added to the total free energy of the reactants. The change in free energy is the total free energy of the reactants added to the total free energy of the products. The change in free energy is the total free energy of the products subtracted from the total free energy of the reactants. The change in free energy is the total free energy of the reactants subtracted from the total free energy of the products. 3. A reaction is an equilibrium if... The change in the free energy of the system is…arrow_forward27.What is latent heat of condensation? A.the amount of heat released when a certain mass of a substance changes from a gas to a liquid B.the amount of heat that is released when a certain mass of a substance changes from a liquid to a gas C.the amount of heat that is released when a certain volume of a substance changes from a liquid to a gas D.the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a certain mass of a liquid as it changes from a liquid to a gasarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Introductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079243
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399425
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Unit Cell Chemistry Simple Cubic, Body Centered Cubic, Face Centered Cubic Crystal Lattice Structu; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HCWwRh5CXYU;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY