(a)
Interpretation: The complete balanced equation should be written for the given reaction.
Concept introduction: Main group elements are categorized as s-block and p-block elements. The s-block elements include metals belonging to group
Ionic compounds are formed by the loss of electrons from the metal which is gained by the nonmetals. The metal gets positively charge and the non-metal attains a negative charge thus forming cations and anions respectively. They do so to attain a noble gas configuration or to attain stability.
Here, by losing electrons metal M achieve the noble gas configuration. These electrons are gained by the non-metals X as shown below.
The metals of group
The compounds of non-metals with oxides and hydrides are covalent compounds. This is because non-metals are less electropositive and the difference in electronegativity between two elements is less than
(a)
Answer to Problem 17PS
The complete balanced equation for the reaction of sodium with bromine is:
Explanation of Solution
Sodium belongs to group
This electron is gained by bromine to form an anion with one negative charge. Bromine belongs to halogen family and it has the oxidation number of
The number of electrons in both the equations is same. Thus an ionic compound is formed in which Sodium has
The stoichiometric coefficients are multiplied with species to have an equal number of atoms on both the reactant and product side, for a balanced chemical equation Since bromine is present as
Thus, the overall balanced equation is:
(b)
Interpretation: The complete balanced equation should be written for the given reaction.
Concept introduction: Main group elements are categorized as s-block and p-block elements. The s-block elements include metals belonging to group
Ionic compounds are formed by the loss of electrons from the metal which is gained by the nonmetals. The metal gets positively charge and the non-metal attains a negative charge thus forming cations and anions respectively. They do so to attain a noble gas configuration or to attain stability.
Here, by losing electrons metal M achieve the noble gas configuration. These electrons are gained by the non-metals X as shown below.
The metals of group
The compounds of non-metals with oxides and hydrides are covalent compounds. This is because non-metals are less electropositive and the difference in electronegativity between two elements is less than
(b)
Answer to Problem 17PS
The complete balanced equation for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen is:
Explanation of Solution
Magnesium belongs to group
These two electrons are gained by the oxygen leading to the formation of an ionic compound. Oxygen belongs to the sulfur family and exists in -2 oxidation number.
The number of electrons in both the equations is same. Magnesium has a charge of
The stoichiometric coefficients are multiplied with species to have an equal number of atoms on both the reactant and product side, for a balanced chemical equation. Since oxygen is present as
Thus, the overall balanced equation is:
(c)
Interpretation: The complete balanced equation should be written for the given reaction.
Concept introduction: Main group elements are categorized as s-block and p-block elements. The s-block elements include metals belonging to group
Ionic compounds are formed by the loss of electrons from the metal which is gained by the nonmetals. The metal gets positively charge and the non-metal attains a negative charge thus forming cations and anions respectively. They do so to attain a noble gas configuration or to attain stability.
Here, by losing electrons metal M achieve the noble gas configuration. These electrons are gained by the non-metals X as shown below.
The metals of group
The compounds of non-metals with oxides and hydrides are covalent compounds. This is because non-metals are less electropositive and the difference in electronegativity between two elements is less than
(c)
Answer to Problem 17PS
The complete balanced equation for the reaction of Aluminium with fluorine is:
Explanation of Solution
Aluminium belongs to group
This electron is gained by fluorine to form an anion with one negative charge. Fluorine belongs to halogen family and it has the oxidation number of
The number of electrons is not same in both the equations. Aluminium bear charge and fluorine bear charge. Thus, the formula of the product is
The stoichiometric coefficients are multiplied with species to have equal number of atoms on both the reactant and product side, for a balanced chemical equation. Since there is
Thus, the overall balanced equation is:
(d)
Interpretation: The complete balanced equation should be written for the given reaction.
Concept introduction: Main group elements are categorized as s-block and p-block elements. The s-block elements include metals belonging to group
Ionic compounds are formed by the loss of electrons from the metal which is gained by the nonmetals. The metal gets positively charge and the non-metal attains a negative charge thus forming cations and anions respectively. They do so to attain a noble gas configuration or to attain stability.
Here, by losing electrons metal M achieve the noble gas configuration. These electrons are gained by the non-metals X as shown below.
The metals of group
The compounds of non-metals with oxides and hydrides are covalent compounds. This is because non-metals are less electropositive and the difference in electronegativity between two elements is less than
(d)
Answer to Problem 17PS
The complete balanced equation for the reaction of carbon with oxygen is:
Explanation of Solution
Carbon belongs to group
The electronegativity difference between carbon and oxygen is less than
An excess of oxygen is assumed for the reaction. Thus, the product formed is
Thus, the overall balanced equation is:
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
- Complete and balance the following equations. Write the entire equation, including the reactants and products, and include the physical state of each species. (Click in the answer box to activate the palette.) (a) K(s) + H2O(I) → (b) NaH(s) + H20(1) –arrow_forwardComplete and balance the following equations. If no reac-tion occurs, write NR:(a) H₃PO4(l)+ NaI(s) → (b) Cl₂(g)+ I(aq)→ (c) Br₂(l)+ Cl(aq) → (d)ClF(g) +F₂(g) →arrow_forwardComplete and balance the following equations. If no reactionoccurs, write NR:(a) Cl2(g) + I2(aq) →(b) Br2(l) + Cl2(aq) →(c) ClF(g) + F2(g) →arrow_forward
- Each of the chemically active Period 2 elements forms sta-ble compounds that have bonds to fluorine.(a) What are the names and formulas of these compounds?(b) Does ΔEN increase or decrease left to right across the period?(c) Does percent ionic character increase or decrease left to right?(d) Draw Lewis structures for these compounds.arrow_forward(a) One of the alkali metals reacts with oxygen to form a solidwhite substance. When this substance is dissolved in water,the solution gives a positive test for hydrogen peroxide, H2O2.When the solution is tested in a burner flame, a lilac-purpleflame is produced. What is the likely identity of the metal?(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction ofthe white substance with water.arrow_forwardGive TWO reasons why aluminium metal was not commonly used till last century, even though it is one of the most common elements on earth. (b) Why are copper and lithium such important elements today?arrow_forward
- (a) What are the common oxidation states of the halogens?(b) Give an explanation based on electron configuration for the range and values of the oxidation states of chlorine.(c) Why is fluorine an exception to the pattern of oxidation states found for the other group members?arrow_forwardThe first three ionization energies of an element X are 900, 1745, and 14912 kJ·mol–1. What is the most likely formula for the stable ion of X?arrow_forwardComplete and balance the following equations: (a) ZNCO3(s) A, (b) BaC2(s) + H2O(I) (c) C,H2(8) + O2(8) (d) CS2(8) + O2(8) → (e) Ca(CN)2(s) + HBr(aq)arrow_forward
- (i) Write the electro-dot structures for sodium, oxygen, and magnesium(ii) Show the formation of Na2O and MgO by the transfer of electrons(iii) What are the ions present in these compounds?arrow_forward2. Calculate AH for the reactions represented by the following equations: (a) 2 H,(g) + 0,(g)→ 2 H,O(1) (b) C(s) + 0,(g) Co,(g) (c) 2 H,O(1)→2 H,(g) + 0,(g) d) C,H,OH() + 30,(g)→2 CO, + 3 H,0(1) ->arrow_forwardWhich statement about the properties of barium chloric and mercury(II) chloride is correct? (A) BaCl₂ has a higher melting point than HgCl₂. (B) BaCl₂ has a higher solubility in nonpolar solvents than HgCl₂. (C) BaCl₂ has a higher vapor pressure than HgCl₂. (D) Molten BaCl₂ has a lower electrical conductivity than molten HgCl2.arrow_forward
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning