Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 22, Problem 26RQ
Which of these occurs through symbiotic nitrogen fixation?
- The plant benefits from using an endless source of nitrogen
- The soil benefits from being naturally fertilized
- Bacteria benefit from using photosynthates from the plant
- All of the above occur.
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Students have asked these similar questions
One of the most widely known symbioses between microorganisms and plants is that of rhizobia and legumes. The basis of this mutualistic, symbiotic relationship can be described by which of the following statements?
Actually, all of these are accurate descriptions of the symbiosis between rhizobia and plants.
Rhizobia help the plants expand access to minerals in the soil while the plant protects the rhizobia from predators and viruses.
The rhizobia will conduct photosynthesis which allow the plants to access carbon without having to deplete their own energy to do carbon fixation.
The rhizobia fix nitrogen for the plant while the plant fixes carbon which it shares with the rhizobia.
The rhizobia will produce oxygen which will help the soil to maintain oxygenation and thus avoid pathogens.
Nitrogen fixation removes nitrogen from cycle of life
Select the true statements about micorrhiza :
Micorrhiza are important on denitrification
Free living micorrhiza are involved on amonification
O Micorrhiza make up most soil microbial biomass Most michorrhiza are alkaliphiles
O Micorrhiza are heterotrophs
O Micorrhiza are usually associated with PGPR
O Micorrhiza are keystone species on the S cycle
O Micorrhiza can perform Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Micorrhiza can be chemolithotrophs Micorrhiza can be mixotrophs
O Micorrhiza increase plant P uptake in P deficient soils Hectomicorrhiza do not produce austoria
O Arbuscular micorrhiza can be parasitic to plants
O Micorrhiza help plants withstand drought stress
On forests mosts mushroom are michorrhiza
-Most plants have micorryza symbiotic relationship
-Most michorrhiza are oligotrophs
-Micorrhiza can form lichens
O Micorrhiza help plants explore more soil volume
Chapter 22 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 22 - Figure 22.8 Compared to free-floating bacteria,...Ch. 22 - Figure 22.16 Which of the following statements is...Ch. 22 - Figure 22.19 Which of the following statements...Ch. 22 - The first forms of life on Earth were thought to...Ch. 22 - Microbial mats. are the earliest forms of life on...Ch. 22 - The first organisms that oxygenated the atmosphere...Ch. 22 - Halophiles are organisms that require a salt...Ch. 22 - Many of the first prokaryotes to be cultured in a...Ch. 22 - The presence of a membrane-enclosed nucleus is a...Ch. 22 - Which of the following consist of prokaryotic...
Ch. 22 - The cell wall is ___________ . interior to the...Ch. 22 - Organisms most likely to be found in extreme...Ch. 22 - Prokaryotes stain as Gram-positive or Gramnegative...Ch. 22 - Pseudopeptidoglycan is a characteristic of the...Ch. 22 - The lipopolysaccharide layer (LPS) is a...Ch. 22 - Which of the following elements is not a...Ch. 22 - Prokaryotes that obtain their energy from chemical...Ch. 22 - Ammonification is the process by which. ammonia is...Ch. 22 - Plants use carbon dioxide from the air and are...Ch. 22 - Cyanobacteria harness energy from the sun through...Ch. 22 - A disease that is constantly present in a...Ch. 22 - Which of the statements about biofilms is...Ch. 22 - Which of these statements is true? An antibiotic...Ch. 22 - A person in England arrives at a medical clinic...Ch. 22 - MRSA has emerged as a serious infectious disease,...Ch. 22 - Which of these occurs through symbiotic nitrogen...Ch. 22 - Synthetic compounds found in an organism but not...Ch. 22 - Bioremediation includes. the use of prokaryotes...Ch. 22 - In addition to providing yogurt with its unique...Ch. 22 - Describe briefly how you would detect the presence...Ch. 22 - Why do scientists believe that the first organisms...Ch. 22 - A new bacterial species is discovered and...Ch. 22 - Mention three differences between bacteria and...Ch. 22 - Explain the statement that both types, bacteria...Ch. 22 - A scientist isolates a new species of prokaryote...Ch. 22 - Think about the conditions (temperature, light,...Ch. 22 - Farmers continually rotate the crops grown in...Ch. 22 - Imagine a region of soil became contaminated,...Ch. 22 - Explain the reason why the imprudent and excessive...Ch. 22 - Researchers have discovered that washing spinach...Ch. 22 - Your friend believes that prokaryotes are always...Ch. 22 - Many people use antimicrobial soap to kill...
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- The biological carbon pump is mainly driven by large trees small phytoplankton like coccolithophores and diatoms herbivores decomposers like fungi soil microbesarrow_forwardNitrogen fixation is the conversion of nitrogen in present in soil or organisms. Nitrogen fixation is done only by Some bacteria Air to a form that isarrow_forwardmicrobes in the soil converting no3- to n2? nitrogen fixation denitrification nitrification ammonificationarrow_forward
- Which of the following explains why pea plants in high soil nitrogen conditions have so few rhizobial nodules on their roots? When there is already high soil nitrogen there is a very large cost to having rhizobial nodules. The rhizobia bacteria in the nodules fix nitrogen when there isn't enough in the soil, so when there is already high soil nitrogen there is no advantage for the pea plant to expend the extra energy housing the rhizobia. The rhizobia bacteria in the nodules use nitrogen when there isn't enough in the soil, so in conditions of high soil nitrogen the plant tries to exclude the rhizobia to keep the nitrogen for itself. When there is already high soil nitrogen there is no benefit to the plant to having rhizobial nodules, which can rob the plant of the high nitrogen supplies so that the rhizobia bacteria do not have to fix the nitrogen themselves.arrow_forwardFigure 22.19 Which of the following statements about the nitrogen cycle is false? Nitrogen fixing bacteria exist on the root nodules of legumes and in the soil. Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates (NO3 ) into nitrogen gas (N2). Ammonification is the process by which ammonium ion (NH4+) is released from decomposing organic compounds. Nitrification is the process by which nitrites (NO2-) are converted to ammonium ion (NH4+).arrow_forwardMany plants that produce nodules for nitrogen-fixing bacteria are common on disturbed sites. Explain how these plants might simultaneously compete with and facilitate other plant species.arrow_forward
- Plants are a source of food fuel medicine all of the abovearrow_forwardFigure 20.12 Which of the following statements about the nitrogen cycle is false? a. Ammonification converts organic nitrogenous matter from living organisms into ammonium (NH4+) . b. Denitrification by bacteria converts nitrates (NO3) to nitrogen gas (N2) . c. Nitrification by bacteria converts nitrates (NO3) to nitrites (NO2) . d. Nitrogen fixing bacteria convert nitrogen gas (N2) into organic compounds.arrow_forwardMicrobes which feed on dead organic material are classified as: pathogens parasites saprophytes autotrophsarrow_forward
- The uptake of phosphorus and nitrogen by plants is aided by ________ in terrestrial systems. precipitation temperature Rhizobia bacteria mycorrhizal fungiarrow_forwardPlant growth is limited by available nitrogen. Why is nitrogen fixation a limiting factor? There is very little nitrogen available after fossil fuel combustion utilizes the available nitrogen. Nitrogen must be produced by bacteria due to the inability of recycling by decomposers. There is no nitrogen in the atmosphere; it is only found in aquatic biomes. The stability of nitrogen gas makes it difficult to turn into nitrogen for living things.arrow_forwardIf you are a farmer and want to increase plant growth without adding artificial fertilizers to your fields/crops, which microbial process(es) would you consider beneficial/useful? nitrogen reduction and denitrificaiton nitrogen fixation and nitrification O nitrogen oxidation followed by reduction O denitrification and re-nitrificationarrow_forward
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