Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 14TYK
Summary Introduction
To review:
The difference between natural and synthetic vitamin C and to design an experiment for its testing.
Introduction:
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Cells can store energy as starches (long polymer forms of carbohydrates, or sugars) and fats. If you isolate the starch stored by a cell, you would find that a lot of the mass of the isolated starch is actually water. However, if you isolate the fat stored by a cell you would find that very little of the mass of the fat is water. Explain this difference based on the structures or properties of the starch and fat molecules
The model below shows a chemical reaction that takes place in cells.
B
Which statement correctly describes the details of the reaction shown above?
A A polymer is built from monomers as water is removed.
U
HO-1 2 3
с
HO- 1 2 3 H HO
D
H₂O
A lipid polymer is built from monomers as water is removed.
A polymer is hydrolyzed into its component monomers as water is added.
Adhesion is occurring between water molecules.
-H
match each type of molecule with its characteristics:
a. starch
b. glycogen
c. fat
d. nucleotide
i. stores energy in plants
ii. consists of a pentose sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
iii. 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol
iv. a branched polysaccharide in animals
select one:
a. a-i, b-iii, c-ii, d-iv
b. a-i, b-iv, c-iii, d-ii
c. a-iii, b-iv, c-iii, d-i
d. a-ii, b-iv, c-iii, d-i
e. a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii
Chapter 3 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 3.1 - What is the difference between hydrocarbons and...Ch. 3.1 - What is the maximum number of bonds that a carbon...Ch. 3.1 - Do carboxyl groups, amino groups, and phosphate...Ch. 3.1 - What is the difference between a dehydration...Ch. 3.2 - What is the difference between a monosaccharide, a...Ch. 3.3 - What are the three most common lipids in living...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 3.4 - What is a peptide bond, and what type of reaction...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3SBCh. 3.5 - What is the monomer of a nucleic acid...
Ch. 3.5 - What are the chemical differences between DNA and...Ch. 3 - Which functional group has a double bond and forms...Ch. 3 - Which of the following characteristics is not...Ch. 3 - Cellulose is to carbohydrate as: a. amino acid is...Ch. 3 - Maltose, sucrose, and lactose differ from one...Ch. 3 - Lipids that are liquid at room temperature: a. are...Ch. 3 - Which of the following statements about steroids...Ch. 3 - The term secondary structure refers to a proteins:...Ch. 3 - The first and major effect in denaturation of...Ch. 3 - In living systems: a. proteins rarely combine with...Ch. 3 - RNA differs from DNA because: a. RNA may contain...Ch. 3 - Discuss Concepts Identify the following structures...Ch. 3 - Discuss Concepts Lipoproteins are relatively...Ch. 3 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 3 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 3 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 3 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 3 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 3 - Prob. 3ITD
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- Which of the following statements about amino acids is true? A. Twenty two amino acids are commonly found in proteins. B. Amino acids are often linked together to form branched polymers. C. All amino acids contain an NH2 and a COOH group. D. Most of the amino acids used in protein biosynthesis have charged side chains.arrow_forwardChoose the best answer for following question Which of the following is incorrect regarding nucleotides?a. They contain a sugar, a nitrogen-containing base, and aphosphate group.b. They are the monomers of fats and polysaccharides.c. They join together by alternating covalent bonds between thesugars and phosphate groups.d. They are present in both DNA and RNA.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements about lipids is correct?a. Saturated fats contain many double bonds.b. Unsaturated fats do not have double bonds.c. Fatty acids contain 9 kilocalories per gram.d. Steroids consist of chain structure molecules.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements concerning fatty acids is correct? a. Used to make phospholipids b. They all contain one or more double bonds. c. They are a constituent of sterols. d. They are strongly hydrophilic.arrow_forwardWhich of the following makes carbohydrates unique from the other biological macromolecules? Select one: a. Long-term energy storage is provided by carbohydrates. b. Carbohydrates contain a 1:2:1 ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen. c. Carbohydrates are polymers that always form a ring structure. d. The monomers in carbohydrates are held together by peptide bonds.arrow_forwardCeramides work in tandem with cholesterol and saturated fatty acids to give your skin water impermeability. Explain how the structure of these types of molecules would in fact lead to skin being water-impermeable.arrow_forward
- Sphingolipids can contain of all of the following except A. glycerol. B. sphingosine. C. phosphocholine. D. a mono- or oligosaccharide.arrow_forwardIn what way are carbon-based compounds like children's Tinker Toys or Lego blocks? Give a few examples from your knowledge of biochemistry.arrow_forwardExamine the following structures of monosaccharides and answer the question. CH,OH CH,OH CH,OH QH OH OH OH QH он ČH,OH CH,OH OH он OH OH OH ÓH ÓH OH a b d Which of the sugar(s) shown in the figure is(are) aldohexose(s)? A. 'a' only В. Ь only C.'c only D. 'a' and 'c E. 'a and 'earrow_forward
- Which of the following statements concerning palmitic acid is INCORRECT? a. It can barely be dissolved in water. b. It is an unsaturated fatty acid. c. It is consisted of 16 carbons. d. It is a lipid.arrow_forwardYou have two bottles, each of which contains a white, crystalline substance. Your lab director tells you that one contains lactose and the other sucrose. Your job is to determine which bottle contains which sugar. Which procedure would you use? A. Test for the ability to reduce Cu2+. Only lactose will react. B. Test both for solubility in water. Sucrose is very soluble; lactose is only minimally soluble. C. React each with bromine (Br2) water. Only sucrose will react. D. Dissolve each in water and record the pH. Lactose is far more acidic than sucrose. Termites and cows have bacteria in their digestive tracts that can obtain glucose from plant cellulose because they have enzymes that can attack A. α-D-glucoside. B. β-D-glucoside. C. cellulose branch points. D. hydrogen bonds in cellulose fibrils. The chemical name for table sugar is ________ and it is a ________. A. lactose; disaccharide…arrow_forwardFats do not dissolve in water because Select one: a. There are no C-H bonds to form hydrogen bonds with water b. There are no O-H bonds form hydrogen bonds with water c. There are no C-C bonds to form hydrogen bonds with water d. There are no C-H bonds for covalent bonds with water e. There are no C-C bonds to form covalent bonds with waterarrow_forward
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