Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology Plus Mastering A&P with eText - Access Card Package (10th Edition) (New A&P Titles by Ric Martini and Judi Nath)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321908599
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Judi L. Nath, Edwin F. Bartholomew
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 28CP
If the plasma membrane of a cell were freely permeable to sodium ions (Na+), how would the membrane potential be affected?
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The intracellular salt content of a red blood cell is about 150 mM. The cell is put in a 500 mM salt beaker. (a) Describe what will happen to the cell in terms of osmosis if the cell membrane is permeable to water but not to ions. (b) Which direction would solutes diff use if the membrane was permeable to ions: into or out of the cell?
What type of ion channel contributes to the restingmembrane potential? Describe the permeabilitycharacteristics of the plasma membrane.
What factors affect the degree of membrane fluidity?
Chapter 3 Solutions
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology Plus Mastering A&P with eText - Access Card Package (10th Edition) (New A&P Titles by Ric Martini and Judi Nath)
Ch. 3 - List the general functions of the plasma membrane.Ch. 3 - Identify the components of the plasma membrane...Ch. 3 - Which component of the plasma membrane is...Ch. 3 - Which type of integral protein allows water, ions,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5CPCh. 3 - What are the major differences between cytosol and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7CPCh. 3 - Prob. 8CPCh. 3 - Explain why certain cells in the ovaries and...Ch. 3 - What does the presence of many mitochondria imply...
Ch. 3 - Describe the contents and structure of the...Ch. 3 - What is a gene?Ch. 3 - Define gene activation.Ch. 3 - Describe transcription and translation.Ch. 3 - What process would be affected by the lack of the...Ch. 3 - What is meant by the term selectively permeable...Ch. 3 - Define diffusion.Ch. 3 - List five factors that influence the diffusion of...Ch. 3 - How would a decrease in the concentration of...Ch. 3 - Define osmosis.Ch. 3 - Some pediatricians recommend using a 10 percent...Ch. 3 - Describe the process of carrier-mediated...Ch. 3 - The concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the...Ch. 3 - Describe endocytosis.Ch. 3 - Describe exocytosis.Ch. 3 - What is the process called whereby certain types...Ch. 3 - What is the membrane potential of a cell, and in...Ch. 3 - If the plasma membrane of a cell were freely...Ch. 3 - Give the biological terms for (a) cellular...Ch. 3 - What enzymes must be present for DNA replication...Ch. 3 - Describe interphase, and identify its stages.Ch. 3 - A cell is actively manufacturing enough organelles...Ch. 3 - Define mitosis, and list its four stages.Ch. 3 - What would happen if spindle fibers failed to form...Ch. 3 - Define growth factor, and identify several growth...Ch. 3 - An illness characterized by mutations that disrupt...Ch. 3 - Define metastasis.Ch. 3 - Define cellular differentiation.Ch. 3 - Prob. 1RQCh. 3 - The process that transports solid objects such as...Ch. 3 - Plasma membranes are said to be (a) impermeable,...Ch. 3 - _____ ion concentration is high in extracellular...Ch. 3 - At resting membrane potential, the cytoplasmic...Ch. 3 - The organelle responsible for a variety of...Ch. 3 - The synthesis of a functional polypeptide using...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8RQCh. 3 - The movement of water across a membrane from an...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10RQCh. 3 - List the four basic concepts that make up the cell...Ch. 3 - What are four general functions of the plasma...Ch. 3 - What are the primary functions of membrane...Ch. 3 - By what three major transport mechanisms do...Ch. 3 - List five important factors that influence...Ch. 3 - What are the four major functions of the...Ch. 3 - Diffusion is important in body fluids, because it...Ch. 3 - Microvilli are found (a) mostly in muscle cells,...Ch. 3 - When a cell is placed in a(n) _____ solution, the...Ch. 3 - Suppose that a DNA segment has the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 21RQCh. 3 - The sodium-potassium exchange pump (a) is an...Ch. 3 - If a cell lacked ribosomes, it would not be able...Ch. 3 - List, in sequence, the phases of the interphase...Ch. 3 - List the stages of mitosis, and briefly describe...Ch. 3 - (a) What is cytokinesis? (b) What is the role of...Ch. 3 - The transport of a certain molecule exhibits the...Ch. 3 - Solutions A and B are separated by a selectively...Ch. 3 - A molecule that blocks the ion channels lining...Ch. 3 - What is the benefit of having some of the cellular...Ch. 3 - List the general functions of the plasma membrane.Ch. 3 - Identify the components of the plasma membrane...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Assume that a membrane permeable to Na+ but not to Cl- separates two solutions. The concentration of sodium chloride on side 1 is higher than on side 2. Which of the following ionic movements would occur? a. Na+ would move until its concentration gradient is dissipated (until the concentration of Na+ on side 2 is the same as the concentration of Na+ on side 1). b. Cl- would move down its concentration gradient from side 1 to side 2. c. A membrane potential, negative on side 1, would develop. d. A membrane potential, positive on side 1, would develop. e. None of the preceding is correct.arrow_forwardDescribe the contribution of each of the following to establishing and maintaining membrane potential: (a) the Na+K+ pump, (b) passive movement of K+ across the membrane, (c) passive movement of Na+ across the membrane, and (d) the large intracellular anions.arrow_forwardSevere vomiting and diarrhea cause a loss of water and solutes from extracellular fluids. If a person was given only water, what effect would this have on the solute concentration of extracellular fluids? Would osmosis result in water entering or leaving cells?arrow_forward
- Severe vomiting and diarrhea cause a loss of water and solutes from extracellular fluids. If the person was given only water, what effect would this have on the solute concentration of the extracellular fluids? Would osmosis results in water entering or leaving cells?arrow_forwardIn general, what is the relationship between membrane fluidity and membrane permeability?arrow_forwardA blood cell with a 2% internal solute concentration is placed in a solution that has a 0.2% solute concentration. The solute is impermeable to the plasma membrane. How would you classify the solution compared to the cell – hypotonic, hypertonic or isotonic? Why? (2 pts.) B) Will the solutes move across the membrane? Why or why not? C) What type of transport would occur in this situation – diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport or bulk transport. Explain. D) What would happen if the cell began to produce a new membrane protein that allowed the solutes to freely move in across the membrane? ould this change your answer to Part C? Explain.arrow_forward
- There are differences in Na+, K+, and Cl- ion concentrations across the membrane. Knowing that ions like to flow down their respective concentration gradients explain how the movement of Cl- and K+ ions can result in membrane hyperpolarization.arrow_forwardConcerning permeability what type of membrane is the cell membrane?arrow_forwardCompare and contrast how an ion (e.g., Na+) is transported across the plasma membrane versus how a polar molecule (e.g., glucose) is transported.arrow_forward
- Describe the two ways that the cell can increase/decrease membrane fluidity.arrow_forwardHow are sodium and potassium ions distributed across the plasma membrane? What creates this distribution?arrow_forwardIn some circumstances, as during a nerve impulse, sodium ions must enter the cell. How are they able to do so?arrow_forward
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