Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 37, Problem 8RQ
What effect will a cAMP inhibitor have on a peptide hormone-mediated signaling pathway?
- It will prevent the hormone from binding its receptor
- It will prevent activation of a G-protein
- It will prevent activation of adenylate cyclase
- It will prevent activation of protein kinases.
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Students have asked these similar questions
What do steroid hormone signaling and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling have in common?
Their pathways involve G-proteins that are activated by GDP-GTP exchange.
They both result in gene transcription.
They both use the second messenger cAMP.
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In the B-acrenergic receptor signaling pathway where desensitization occurs, what
protein acts as an effector protein?
The activity of the effector protein directly affects the activity of which protein in this pathway?
How would the presence of a GAP affect the desensitization process?
stimulate it
inhibit it
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What is the actual mechanism by which desensitization occurs?
the receptor is ubiquitinated
the hormone is phosphorylated
the hormone is degraded
the receptor is internalized
Which of the following is NOT part of a liver cell's response to epinephrine?
Phosphorylation of phosphorylase kinase
activation of Protein kinase A
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Chapter 37 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 37 - Figure 37.5 Heat shock proteins (HSP) are so named...Ch. 37 - Figure 37.11 Pancreatic tumors may cause excess...Ch. 37 - Figure 37.14 Hyperthyroidism is a condition in...Ch. 37 - A newly discovered hormone contains four amino...Ch. 37 - Which class of hormones can diffuse through plasma...Ch. 37 - Why are steroids able to diffuse across the plasma...Ch. 37 - A new antagonist molecule has been discovered that...Ch. 37 - What effect will a cAMP inhibitor have on a...Ch. 37 - When insulin binds to its receptor, the complex is...Ch. 37 - Drinking alcoholic beverages causes an increase in...
Ch. 37 - FSH and LH release from the anterior pituitary is...Ch. 37 - What hormone is produced by beta cells of the...Ch. 37 - When blood calcium levels are low, PTH stimulates:...Ch. 37 - How would mutations that completely ablate the...Ch. 37 - A rise in blood glucose levels triggers release of...Ch. 37 - Which mechanism of hormonal stimulation would be...Ch. 37 - A scientist hypothesizes that the pancreas’s...Ch. 37 - Which endocrine glands are associated with the...Ch. 37 - Which of the following hormones is not produced by...Ch. 37 - Recent studies suggest that blue light exposure...Ch. 37 - Although there are many different hormones in the...Ch. 37 - Where is insulin stored, and why would it be...Ch. 37 - Glucagon is the peptide hormone that signals for...Ch. 37 - Name two important functions of hormone receptors.Ch. 37 - How can hormones mediate changes?Ch. 37 - Why is cAMP-mediated signal amplification not...Ch. 37 - Name and describe a function of one hormone...Ch. 37 - Describe one direct action of growth hormone (GH).Ch. 37 - Researchers have recently demonstrated that...Ch. 37 - How is hormone production and release primarily...Ch. 37 - Compare and contrast hormonal and humoral stimuli.Ch. 37 - Oral contraceptive pills work by delivering...Ch. 37 - What does aldosterone regulate, and how is it...Ch. 37 - The adrenal medulla contains two types of...Ch. 37 - How would damage to the posterior pituitary gland...
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- A hormone molecule binds to a receptor on a cell membrane. It doesnt enter the cell; rather, the binding activates a second messenger inside the cell that triggers an amplified response to the hormonal signal. Is the signaling molecule a steroid or a nonsteroid hormone?arrow_forward__________ are molecules released from a signaling cell that have effects on target cells. a. Hormones b. Neurotransmitters c. Local signaling molecules d. Pheromones e. a and b f. all of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following is the best example of negative feedback for a steroid hormone? plasma membrane receptor activating a G protein plasma membrane receptor that activates the MAP Kinase pathway nuclear hormone receptor activating transcription of enzymes that synthesize the hormone nuclear receptor inhibiting its own transcriptionarrow_forward
- GTPYS is a nonhydrolyzable analog of GTP. Suppose this compound were added to a cell-free system containing active components of an adrenergic signaling system. What consequences would you expect? What would be the effects on CAMP levels? || -0-P-o-P-0-P-o-CH, guanine он он GTPYS -arrow_forwardGTPγS is a nonhydrolyzable analog of GTP. Suppose this compound were added to a cell-free system containing active components of an adrenergic signaling system. What consequences would you expect? What would be the effects on cAMP levels?arrow_forwardOverexpression of this receptor in the cells of the adrenal gland causes Cushing's syndrome, a disease caused by the overproduction of cortisol. One strategy that scientists have employed to treat this disease is the use of small molecules that bind to, but do not activate, MC2R. This type of molecule is generically referred to as an antagonist. How can an antagonist bind to the same receptor as ACTH but not activate it? O a. The antagonist can bind covalently while ACTH binds non-covalently O b. The antagonist is only partially complimentary to the binding pocket of MC2R O The antagonist binds to ACTH and blocks it from binding to the receptor properly O d. The antagonist is the exact same structure as ACTH but since it is synthetic it doesn't work One cause of Cushing's syndrome is the inappropriate production of GPCRS in the adrenal gland that are not normally present in those cells. When these receptors are activated they result in the production of cortisol. Which statement about…arrow_forward
- The figure below shows a signaling pathway activated by the binding of adrenaline to the beta-adrenergic receptor. Binding of adrenaline to the receptor causes GTP-binding and activation of G proteins. Active GTP-bound G protein activates adenylate cyclase to initiate a signaling cascade that affects cellular responses. activated adrenaline activated B-adrenergic receptor adenylate cyclase adenylate cyclase G protein subunit 2 OLLE GTP 3. GDP conformational CAMP ATP change in receptor heterotrimeric G protein ACAMP inactive protein kinase A active protein kinase A cellular responses In which of the conditions would you see a constitutive activation of adenylate cyclase independent of adrenaline hormone? Cells have a adrenergic receptor that constitutively activates the G proteins in the absence of ligand Cells are treated with cholera toxin that locks the activated G proteins in their GTP bound form Cells are treated with pertussis toxin that locks the G proteins in their GDP bound…arrow_forwardIn terms of their relative duration of signaling, which of the following is the odd one out? O autocrine neural paracrine O neurohormonearrow_forwardMutations in which of the following would MOST DIRECTLY affect the cAMP signaling pathway? Adenylyl cyclase PKA IP3 Ligand-gated ion channelarrow_forward
- Arrange signalling cascade events in chronological order. Release of Ca2+ ions triggered by IP3 release Dissociation of GTP from alpha-subunit in G proteins Sweet molecules binds to G-protein coupled receptors. Activation of phospholipase Carrow_forwardWhen a cell secretes a growth factor that binds to receptors on neighboring cells of different type causing them to proliferate this is an example of endocrine signaling O autocrine signaling O direct intercellular signaling O paracrine signaling O contact-dependent signalingarrow_forwardWhat kind of protein is the reactor in insulin signaling pathway: a ligand-gated channel, a G protein-linked receptor, or an enzyme- linked receptor? The receptor activates a specific kind of protein, Based on what that protein does, what is it called?arrow_forward
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