Chapter 4, Problem 4.17NP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of $\Delta U_R^o$ and $\Delta H_R^o$ should be calculated for the following reaction at 298.15 K.

  ${\text{4NH}}_{\text{3}}\text{(g)+6NO(g)}\to {\text{5N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{(g)+6H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O(g)}$

Concept Introduction:

The mathematical expression of change in internal energy is:

  $\Delta {\text{U}}_R^o\text{ = }\Delta {\text{H}}_R^o-\Delta n_{g}RT$

Where,

  $\Delta \text{U}$ = Change in internal energy

  $\Delta H$ = Change in enthalpy

  $\Delta n_g$ = Change in number of moles of gaseous components

  $R$ = Universal gas constant

  $T$ = Temperature

The mathematical expression for the standard enthalpy change value at room temperature is:

  $\Delta H{°}_R={\displaystyle \sum \text{n}}\text{H°(products})-{\displaystyle \sum \text{p}}\text{H°(reactants)}$

Where, n and p represents the coefficients of reactants and products in the balanced chemical equation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of $\Delta U_R^o$ and $\Delta H_R^o$ should be calculated for the following reaction at 298.15 K.

  ${\text{2NO(g)+O}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}\to {\text{2NO}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}$

Concept Introduction:

The mathematical expression of change in internal energy is:

  $\Delta {\text{U}}_R^o\text{ = }\Delta {\text{H}}_R^o-\Delta n_{g}RT$

Where,

  $\Delta \text{U}$ = Change in internal energy

  $\Delta H$ = Change in enthalpy

  $\Delta n_g$ = Change in number of moles of gaseous components

  $R$ = Universal gas constant

  $T$ = Temperature

The mathematical expression for the standard enthalpy change value at room temperature is:

  $\Delta H{°}_R={\displaystyle \sum \text{n}}\text{H°(products})-{\displaystyle \sum \text{p}}\text{H°(reactants)}$

Where, n and p represents the coefficients of reactants and products in the balanced chemical equation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of $\Delta U_R^o$ and $\Delta H_R^o$ should be calculated for the following reaction at 298.15 K.

  ${\text{TiCl}}_4{\text{(l)+2H}}_2\text{O(l)}\to {\text{TiO}}_2\text{(s)}+4\text{HCl(g)}$

Concept Introduction:

The mathematical expression of change in internal energy is:

  $\Delta {\text{U}}_R^o\text{ = }\Delta {\text{H}}_R^o-\Delta n_{g}RT$

Where,

  $\Delta \text{U}$ = Change in internal energy

  $\Delta H$ = Change in enthalpy

  $\Delta n_g$ = Change in number of moles of gaseous components

  $R$ = Universal gas constant

  $T$ = Temperature

The mathematical expression for the standard enthalpy change value at room temperature is:

  $\Delta H{°}_R={\displaystyle \sum \text{n}}\text{H°(products})-{\displaystyle \sum \text{p}}\text{H°(reactants)}$

Where, n and p represents the coefficients of reactants and products in the balanced chemical equation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of $\Delta U_R^o$ and $\Delta H_R^o$ should be calculated for the following reaction at 298.15 K.

  $2{\text{NaOH(aq)+H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_4\text{(aq)}\to {\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_4\text{(s)}+2{\text{H}}_2\text{O(l)}$

Concept Introduction:

The mathematical expression of change in internal energy is:

  $\Delta {\text{U}}_R^o\text{ = }\Delta {\text{H}}_R^o-\Delta n_{g}RT$

Where,

  $\Delta \text{U}$ = Change in internal energy

  $\Delta H$ = Change in enthalpy

  $\Delta n_g$ = Change in number of moles of gaseous components

  $R$ = Universal gas constant

  $T$ = Temperature

The mathematical expression for the standard enthalpy change value at room temperature is:

  $\Delta H{°}_R={\displaystyle \sum \text{n}}\text{H°(products})-{\displaystyle \sum \text{p}}\text{H°(reactants)}$

Where, n and p represents the coefficients of reactants and products in the balanced chemical equation.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of $\Delta U_R^o$ and $\Delta H_R^o$ should be calculated for the following reaction at 298.15 K.

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{(g)+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O(g)}\to \text{CO(g)}+3{\text{H}}_2\text{(g)}$

Concept Introduction:

The mathematical expression of change in internal energy is:

  $\Delta {\text{U}}_R^o\text{ = }\Delta {\text{H}}_R^o-\Delta n_{g}RT$

Where,

  $\Delta \text{U}$ = Change in internal energy

  $\Delta H$ = Change in enthalpy

  $\Delta n_g$ = Change in number of moles of gaseous components

  $R$ = Universal gas constant

  $T$ = Temperature

The mathematical expression for the standard enthalpy change value at room temperature is:

  $\Delta H{°}_R={\displaystyle \sum \text{n}}\text{H°(products})-{\displaystyle \sum \text{p}}\text{H°(reactants)}$

Where, n and p represents the coefficients of reactants and products in the balanced chemical equation.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of $\Delta U_R^o$ and $\Delta H_R^o$ should be calculated for the following reaction at 298.15 K.

  ${\text{CH}}_3\text{OH(g)+CO(g)}\to {\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOH(l)}$

Concept Introduction:

The mathematical expression of change in internal energy is:

  $\Delta {\text{U}}_R^o\text{ = }\Delta {\text{H}}_R^o-\Delta n_{g}RT$

Where,

  $\Delta \text{U}$ = Change in internal energy

  $\Delta H$ = Change in enthalpy

  $\Delta n_g$ = Change in number of moles of gaseous components

  $R$ = Universal gas constant

  $T$ = Temperature

The mathematical expression for the standard enthalpy change value at room temperature is:

  $\Delta H{°}_R={\displaystyle \sum \text{n}}\text{H°(products})-{\displaystyle \sum \text{p}}\text{H°(reactants)}$

Where, n and p represents the coefficients of reactants and products in the balanced chemical equation.