Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 41.1, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Blood is a fluid, constantly circulating in the body of various animals that provides them with essential nutrients, oxygen and waste removal. An average human being has around 5 Liters of blood. It is composed of red blood cells, white blood cells and the transparent fluid, plasma.
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Which of the following statements about oxygen transport is TRUE.
Increases in temperature and decreases in pH cause myoglobin to release
oxygen to improve delivery to the hemoglobin in muscles.
A molecule of myoglobin has higher oxygen binding capacity than a molecule of
hemoglobin.
Myoglobin has a higher oxygen affinity than does hemoglobin.
Fetal hemoglobin has a lower affinity for oxygen than maternal hemoglobin,
which makes it better suited to extract oxygen from the maternal circulation.
Which of the following factors would increase the oxygen carrying capacity of the
blood?
A 50% increase in hematocrit in combination with blood cells that have half the
concentration of hemoglobin?
A 20% increase in myoglobin levels.
An increase in temperature.
An increase in pH
none of the above would increase the total amount of oxygen carried by the
blood
Myoglobin would be an inappropriate carrier of oxygen to peripheral tissues
because:
Myoglobin exists in the T, or deoxy state, in muscle tissue.
Myoglobin would not release oxygen at the oxygen pressures found in muscle
tissue.
Myoglobin has lower affinity and would lose the oxygen to hemoglobin during
transport.
Myoglobin is only soluble in plasma.
Two of the above.
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- Figure 39.13 Which of the following statements is false? In the tissues, PO2 drops as blood passes from the arteries to the veins, while PCO2 increases. Blood travels from the lungs to the heart to body tissues, then back to the heart, then the lungs. Blood travels from the lungs to the heart to body tissues, then back to the lungs, then the heart. PO2 is higher in air than in the lungs.arrow_forwardWhich factor best explains why shoveling snow may be associated with an increased risk for a cardiovascular event? myocardial oxygen demand cold weather arterial oxygen content lower-body force generationarrow_forwardAfter your exercise routine at the gym, you sit with friends drinking a glass of water to cool off. Select a single word from list and place into each blank to make it correct. Not all terms will be used. 40 mmHg right increases As you cool off, metabolism at the skeletal muscles decreases, and the oxygen saturation curve shifts affinity for oxygen because hemoglobin's . Under these conditions, hemoglobin 20% is likely to release oxygen. decreases At the same time, the partial pressure of oxygen at the systemic capillaries changes from about to less Carbon dioxide released from the skeletal muscle cells during vigorous exercise can make the blood slightly more acidic. This results in hemoglobin having a affinity. left oxygen saturation or oxygen higher 40% 20 mmHg lower morearrow_forward
- Because flight is metabolically demanding, birds have very efficient systems that help to meet these demands. Look at the following list of characteristics and choose those that contribute to the physiological demands of flight. One-way airflow respiration Endothermy Large heart Nucleated red blood cells Slow heart rate Two-cycle lung ventilation Air sacs Separate pulmonary / systemic circulation Air capillariesarrow_forwardThe pulmonary circulation differs from the systemic circulation by O having a larger percentage of total blood volume. O displaying a lower total vascular resistance. O exchanging O2 for CO2. O displaying a sensitivity to gravity. O having hypoxia-induced vasodilation.arrow_forwardWhich of the following explain the effect on the body if a patient has a low level of oxygen in their arterial blood? 1 cardiac output increases 2 The patient will breathe in a larger volume of air each minute 3 The pulmonary artery will dilate 4 The patient will experience feelings of restlessness and headaches 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct 1, 2, and 4 are correctarrow_forward
- Which method of oxygen transport is most effective? Carried with white blood cells Carried with hemoglobin Carried in the fluid portion of blood, plasma Carried with loose bodiesarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements best describes the function of the pulmonary arteries or veins? Pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs. Pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the right atrium of the heart from the lungs. Pulmonary veins carry deoxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the right atrium of the heart.arrow_forwardHemoglobin returning to the lungs will aid in vasodilation in response to: Group of answer choices picking up CO2 picking up oxygen high CO2 levels low CO2 levels more than one of the abovearrow_forward
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