Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781285199047
Author: John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 116QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The period in which sulphur is located in periodic table has to be located.

Concept Introduction:

Period:  Horizontal rows in periodic table are called periods.  In periodic table, seven periods are present, with each one beginning at the far left.

(a)

Expert Solution
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Explanation of Solution

A modern periodic table is given by

Chemistry: The Molecular Science, Chapter 5, Problem 116QRT

Figure 1

Sulphur belongs to p-block element of periodic table.  The outermost electrons present in third shell of the atom.  Therefore, sulphur belongs to third period.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The complete electron configuration of sulphur has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Electron configuration:  The complete description of the atomic orbitals occupied by all the electrons in an atom or monoatomic ion is known as its electron configuration.

(b)

Expert Solution
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Explanation of Solution

Sulphur belongs to p-block element of periodic table.  It has 16 electrons and 16 protons.  According to Aufbau principle, electrons are arranged in increasing order of energy level.  The electron configuration of sulphur is given by

    1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The atom of an element involved in given reaction has smallest first ionization energy and smallest radius has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Electron configuration:  The complete description of the atomic orbitals occupied by all the electrons in an atom or monoatomic ion is known as its electron configuration.

Atomic radius:  It is defined as distance between nucleus of atom and electron present in outermost valence shell of the atom.

(c)

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Explanation of Solution

Given,

    SO2+2Cl2SOCl2+OCl2

The smallest first ionization energy of the three atoms is S, and the smallest radius is O atom.  According to periodic trends, elements present in far right of periodic table have highest ionization energy and smallest radius.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mass of chlorine needed to form 675g of thionyl chloride has to be calculated.

(d)

Expert Solution
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Explanation of Solution

Given,

    SO2+2Cl2SOCl2+OCl2

    675 g SOCl2×1 mol SOCl2118.970 g SOCl2×2 mol Cl21 mol SOCl2×70.906 g Cl21 mol Cl2=805 g Cl2

The mass of chlorine needed is 805 g Cl2

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The theoretical mass of thionyl chloride has to be calculated.

(e)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Given,

    SO2+2Cl2SOCl2+OCl2

    10.0 g SO2×1molSO264.064 g SO2×1molSOCl21molSO2=0.156molSOCl220gCl2×1molCl270.906 g Cl2×1molSOCl22molCl2=0.141 mol SOCl2Cl2is the limiting reactant.0.141 mol SOCl2×118.970 g SOCl21molSOCl2=16.8 g SOCl2

The mass of thionyl chloride formed is 16.8 g SOCl2.

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Chapter 5 Solutions

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

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