Principles of Accounting Volume 1
19th Edition
ISBN: 9781947172685
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax College
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 1TP
Assume you are the controller of a large corporation, and the chief executive officer (CEO) has requested that you refrain from posting closing entries at 20X1 year-end, with the intention of combining the two years’ profits in year 20X2, in an effort to make that year’s profits appear stronger.
Write a memo to the CEO, to offer your response to the request to skip the closing entries for year 20X1.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Assume you are a newly hired accountant for a local manufacturing firm. You have enjoyed working for the company and are looking forward to your first experience participating in the preparation of the company’s financial statements for the year-ending December 31, the end of the company’s fiscal year.
As you are preparing your assigned journal entries, your supervisor approaches you and asks to speak with you. Your supervisor is concerned because, based on her preliminary estimates, the company will fall just shy of its financial targets for the year. If the estimates are true, this means that all 176 employees of the company will not receive year-end bonuses, which represent a significant portion of their pay.
One of the entries that you will prepare involves the upcoming bond interest payment that will be paid on January 15 of the next year. Your supervisor has calculated that, if the journal entry is dated on January 1 of the following year rather than on December 31 of the current…
A hotel corporation is preparing its end of year financial statements. Management has informed the accountant that in six weeks it will begin to close 12 of its properties. The accountant will provide information related to these future actions on the current end of year financial statements because of the ______________ principle.
Choices: a. Full disclosure principle b. Time period assumption c. Materiality constraint d. Cost Principle e. Revenue recognition principle f. Conservatism Constraint g. Matching principle h. Economic entity assumption i. Monetary unit j. Going concern k. Some other answers
The recently hired CFO of Finger Lakes Vacation Sales Corp. is concerned about some of the Year 4 situations. The CFO has come to you for advice. Finger Lakes Vacation Sales Corp. follows IFRS.
Required
For each scenario above, state if the situation is a change in policy, a correction of an error, or a change in estimate. Explain your answers. Also state if the situation requires a restatement of retained earnings on January 1, Year 4. What disclosures, if any, are required. Fully discuss any ethical implications related to the scenarios.
The items of concern are:
A. Finger Lakes Vacation Sales Corp. has provided a loyalty rewards program to customers for the past 6 years. During that time, the amounts were insignificant, and no revenues were deferred, and no accruals were made. With Year 4 changes to the plan, the amount of rewards has become material. The Controller decided that starting in January, Year 4, Finger Lakes Vacation Sales Corp. will defer the revenue related to these…
Chapter 5 Solutions
Principles of Accounting Volume 1
Ch. 5 - Which of the following accounts is considered a...Ch. 5 - Which of the following accounts is considered a...Ch. 5 - If a journal entry includes a debit or credit to...Ch. 5 - If a journal entry includes a debit or credit to...Ch. 5 - Which of these accounts would be present in the...Ch. 5 - Which of these accounts would not be present in...Ch. 5 - Which of these accounts is never closed? A....Ch. 5 - Which of these accounts is never closed? A....Ch. 5 - Which account would be credited when closing the...Ch. 5 - Which account would be credited when closing the...
Ch. 5 - Which of these accounts is included in the...Ch. 5 - Which of these accounts is not included in the...Ch. 5 - On which of the following would the year-end...Ch. 5 - Which of these accounts is included in the...Ch. 5 - If current assets are $112,000 and current...Ch. 5 - If current assets are $100,000 and current...Ch. 5 - Explain what is meant by the term real accounts...Ch. 5 - Explain what is meant by the term nominal accounts...Ch. 5 - What is the purpose of the closing entries?Ch. 5 - What would happen if the company failed to make...Ch. 5 - Which of these account types (Assets, Liabilities,...Ch. 5 - Which of these account types (Assets, Liabilities,...Ch. 5 - The account called Income Summary is often used in...Ch. 5 - What are the four entries required for closing,...Ch. 5 - After the first two closing entries are made,...Ch. 5 - After the first two closing entries are made,...Ch. 5 - What account types are included in a post-closing...Ch. 5 - Which of the basic financial statements can be...Ch. 5 - Describe the calculation required to compute...Ch. 5 - Describe the calculation required to compute the...Ch. 5 - Describe the progression of the three trial...Ch. 5 - Identify whether each of the following accounts is...Ch. 5 - For each of the following accounts, identify...Ch. 5 - For each of the following accounts, identify...Ch. 5 - The following accounts and normal balances existed...Ch. 5 - The following accounts and normal balances existed...Ch. 5 - Use the following excerpts from the year-end...Ch. 5 - Use the following T-accounts to prepare the four...Ch. 5 - Use the following T-accounts to prepare the four...Ch. 5 - Identify whether each of the following accounts...Ch. 5 - Identify which of the following accounts would not...Ch. 5 - For each of the following accounts, identify in...Ch. 5 - Using the following Balance Sheet summary...Ch. 5 - Using the following account balances, calculate...Ch. 5 - Using the following Balance Sheet summary...Ch. 5 - Using the following account balances, calculate:...Ch. 5 - Identify whether each of the following accounts...Ch. 5 - For each of the following accounts, identify...Ch. 5 - For each of the following accounts, identify...Ch. 5 - The following accounts and normal balances existed...Ch. 5 - The following accounts and normal balances existed...Ch. 5 - Use the following excerpts from the year-end...Ch. 5 - Use the following T-accounts to prepare the four...Ch. 5 - Use the following T-accounts to prepare the four...Ch. 5 - Identify which of the following accounts would be...Ch. 5 - Identify which of the following accounts would not...Ch. 5 - For each of the following accounts, identify in...Ch. 5 - Using the following Balance Sheet summary...Ch. 5 - Using the following account balances, calculate...Ch. 5 - Using the following Balance Sheet summary...Ch. 5 - From the following Company B adjusted trial...Ch. 5 - Identify whether each of the following accounts...Ch. 5 - The following selected accounts and normal...Ch. 5 - The following selected accounts and normal...Ch. 5 - Use the following Adjusted Trial Balance to...Ch. 5 - Use the following Adjusted Trial Balance to...Ch. 5 - Use the following T-accounts to prepare the four...Ch. 5 - Assume that the first two closing entries have...Ch. 5 - Correct any obvious errors in the following...Ch. 5 - Assuming the following Adjusted Trial Balance,...Ch. 5 - The following Post-Closing Trial Balance contains...Ch. 5 - Assuming the following Adjusted Trial Balance,...Ch. 5 - Use the following Adjusted Trial Balance to...Ch. 5 - Using the following Balance Sheet summary...Ch. 5 - Using the following Balance Sheet summary...Ch. 5 - Using the following account balances, calculate...Ch. 5 - From the following Company R adjusted trial...Ch. 5 - From the following Company T adjusted trial...Ch. 5 - Identify whether each of the following accounts...Ch. 5 - The following selected accounts and normal...Ch. 5 - The following selected accounts and normal...Ch. 5 - Use the following Adjusted Trial Balance to...Ch. 5 - Use the following Adjusted Trial Balance to...Ch. 5 - Use the following T-accounts to prepare the four...Ch. 5 - Assume that the first two closing entries have...Ch. 5 - Correct any obvious errors in the following...Ch. 5 - Assuming the following Adjusted Trial Balance,...Ch. 5 - The following Post-Closing Trial Balance contains...Ch. 5 - Assuming the following Adjusted Trial Balance,...Ch. 5 - Use the following Adjusted Trial Balance to...Ch. 5 - Using the following Balance Sheet summary...Ch. 5 - Using the following Balance Sheet summary...Ch. 5 - Using the following account balances, calculate...Ch. 5 - From the following Company S adjusted trial...Ch. 5 - Assume you are the controller of a large...Ch. 5 - Assume you are a senior accountant and have been...
Additional Business Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
How can managers reap the benefits of diversity?
Principles of Management
What are some of the problems with using the CPI?
Construction Accounting And Financial Management (4th Edition)
E2-13 Identifying increases and decreases in accounts and normal balances
Learning Objective 2
Insert the mis...
Horngren's Accounting (11th Edition)
Match each of the following with its appropriate term.
Principles of Accounting Volume 2
Discussion Questions 1. What characteristics of the product or manufacturing process would lead a company to us...
Managerial Accounting (5th Edition)
E2-13 Identifying increases and decreases in accounts and normal balances
Learning Objective 2
Insert the mis...
Horngren's Accounting (12th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, accounting and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- assume you are employed as the chief financial officer of a corporation and are responsible for preparation of the financial statements, including the adjusting process and preparation of the adjusted trial balance. the company is facing a slow year, and after your adjusting entries, the financial statements are accurately reflecting that fact. however, as you are discussing the matter with your boss, the chief executive officer (CEO), suggests that you have the power to make further adjustments to the statements, and that you should use that power to “adjust” the profits and equity into a stronger position so that investor confidence in the company’s prospects will be restored. you must write a short memo to the ceo, stating your intentions about what you can and/or will do to make the financial statements more appealing. you must be specific about any planned adjustments that could be made, assuming that normal period-end adjustments have already been reflected accurately in the…arrow_forwardAn employee, Fred, working in the accounts office of a medium-sized company listed on the Nairobi Stock Exchange, was working late one evening during the week. He realized he had left his pen in the boardroom at an earlier meeting and, given its value, went upstairs to look for it. As he approached the door he heard the following discussion:‘Chief Executive: I am deeply concerned that if this fall in profit figures is disclosed in the next annual report, there will be sorts of problems with the shareholders. We may even lose a number of big investors.Non-executive director (also the cousin of the Chief Executive): (large sign) well, I suppose we could always find a way of making them look better.Chief Executive: How? I can’t see it at all.Non-executive director: Well, we could make them just slightly higher than last year’s figures by including the proceeds of sales of our toothbrush division.Chief Executive: But the sale doesn’t go through until October.Non executive director: No, but…arrow_forwardAssume you are employed as the chief financial officer of a corporation and are responsible for preparation of the financial statements, including the adjusting process and preparation of the adjusted trial balance. The company is facing a slow year, and after your adjusting entries, the financial statements are accurately reflecting that fact. However, as you are discussing the matter with your boss, the chief executive officer (CEO), he suggests that you have the power to make further adjustments to the statements, and that you should use that power to “adjust” the profits and equity into a stronger position, so that investor confidence in the company’s prospects will be restored. Write a short memo to the CEO, stating your intentions about what you can and/or will do to make the financial statements more appealing. Be specific about any planned adjustments that could be made, assuming that normal period-end adjustments have already been reflected accurately in the financial…arrow_forward
- Assume that you are currently working as an accountant, and your manager has to take an unexpected sick leave. Because you did very well in your accounting classes, the Senior Accountant asks you to step up and help with the review of reconciliations. What would be your first step? Maybe you would dive right into it, assuming you would figure out what to do as you moved through all the existing reconciliations, or maybe you would ask for a copy of policies and procedures for this task if any exist, so you could find instructions without asking the Senior Accountant constantly what to do. In addition to reviewing reconciliations, you will need to review disclosures to financial statements. How would you know if all the necessary disclosures were prepared and contained correct information?arrow_forwardEthics in Action Margie Johnson is a staff accountant at ToolEx Company, a manufacturer of tools and equipment. The company is under pressure from investors to increase earnings, and the president of the company expects the accounting department to “make this happen.” Margie's boss, who has been a mentor to her, is concerned that if earnings do not increase, he will be terminated. Shortly after the end of the fiscal year, the company performs a physical count of the inventory. When Margie compares the physical count to the balance in the inventory account, she finds a significant amount of inventory shrinkage. The amount is so large that it will result in a significant drop in earnings this period. Margie's boss asks her not to make the adjusting entry for shrinkage this period. He assures her that they will get “caught up” on shrinkage in the next period, after the pressure is off to reach this period's earnings goal. Margie's boss asks her to do this as a personal favor to him.…arrow_forwardMargaret is the manager of a medium-sized company. A few years ago, Margaret persuaded the owner to base a part of her compensation on the net income of the company. Each December she estimates year-end financial figures in anticipation of the bonus she will receive. If the bonus is not as high as she would like, she offers several recommendations to the accountant for year-end adjustments. One of her favorite recommendations is for the controller to reduce the estimate of doubtful accounts. What effect does lowering the estimate for doubtful accounts have on the income statement and balance sheet? What type of internal control(s) might be useful for this company in overseeing the manager's recommendation for accounting changes?arrow_forward
- The manager of Golden Ray Corporation receives a bonus if company profits exceed $1,000,000 this year. During the final week of the year, the manager changes an accounting policy that will increase reported profits from $950,000 to $1,025,000, triggering his bonus. The change in profits of $75,000 will reverse itself in the next year, and the accounting change has no impact on Golden Ray's cash flow. Discuss the above situation as it relates to both an agency problem and efficient markets.arrow_forwardAnton Blair is the manager of a medium-sized company. A few years ago, Blair persuaded the owner to base a part of his compensation on the net income the company earns each year. Each December he estimates year-end financial figures in anticipation of the bonus he will receive. If the bonus is not as high as he would like, he offers several recommendations to the accountant for year-end adjustments. One of his favorite recommendations is for the controller to reduce the estimate of doubtful accounts. 1. What effect does lowering the estimate for doubtful accounts have on the income statement and balance sheet? 2. Do you believe Blair's recommendation to adjust the allowance for doubtful accounts is within his rights as a manager, or do you believe this action is an ethics violation? Justify your response. 3. What type of internal control(s) might be useful for this company in overseeing the manager's recommendations for accounting changes?arrow_forwardAnton Blair is the manager of a medium-size company. A few years ago, Blair persuaded the owner to base a part of his compensation on the net income the company earns each year. Each December he estimates year-end financial figures in anticipation of the bonus he will receive. If the bonus is not as high as he would like, he offers several recommendations to the accountant for year-end adjustments. One of his favorite recommendations is for the controller to reduce the estimate of doubtful accounts. Required 1. What effect does lowering the estimate for doubtful accounts have on the income statement and balance sheet? 2. Do you believe Blair’s recommendation to adjust the allowance for doubtful accounts is within his rights as manager, or do you believe this action is an ethics violation? Justify your response. 3. What type of internal control(s) might be useful for this company in overseeing the manager’s recommendations for accounting changes?arrow_forward
- Margaret is the manager of a medium-size company. A few years ago, Margaret persuaded the owner to base a part of her compensation on the net income of the company. Each December she estimates year-end financial figures in anticipation of the bonus she will receive. If the bonus is not as high as she would like, she offers several recommendations to the accountant for year-end adjustments. One of her favorite recommendations is for the controller to reduce the estimate of doubtful accounts. What effect does lowering the estimate for doubtful accounts have on the income statement and balance sheet?arrow_forwardAssume you are the controller of a large corporation, and the chief executive officer (CEO) has requested that you explain to them why the net income that you are reporting for the year is so low, when the CEO knows for a fact that the cash accounts are much higher at the end of the year than they were at the beginning of the year. Write a memo to the CEO to offer some possible explanations for the disparity between financial statement net income and the change in cash during the year.arrow_forward1. Margie Johnson is a staff accountant at ToolEx Company, a manufacturer of tools and equipment. The company is under pressure from investors to increase earnings, and the president of the company expects the Accounting Department to “make this happen.” Margie’s boss, who has been a mentor to her, is concerned that if earnings do not increase, he will be terminated. Shortly after the end of the fiscal year, the company performs a physical count of the inventory. When Margie compares the physical count to the balance in the inventory account, she finds a significant amount of inventory shrinkage. The amount is so large that it will result in a significant drop in earnings this period. Margie’s boss asks her not to make the adjusting entry for shrinkage this period. He assures her that they will get “caught up” on shrinkage in the next period, after the pressure is off to reach this period’s earnings goal. Margie’s boss asks her to do this as a personal favor to him. What should…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Principles of Accounting Volume 1AccountingISBN:9781947172685Author:OpenStaxPublisher:OpenStax College
Principles of Accounting Volume 1
Accounting
ISBN:9781947172685
Author:OpenStax
Publisher:OpenStax College
The KEY to Understanding Financial Statements; Author: Accounting Stuff;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_F6a0ddbjtI;License: Standard Youtube License