Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 52.5, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The free-running circadian rhythm, which is entrained to 24-hour day by light.
Introduction:
Circadian rhythm is a biological clock specific to each animal, which determines sleep-wake cycle, eating, and other normal activities. It is not a 24-hour clock based on the Earth rotation on its axis, which changes day-light cycles when the Earth revolves around the Sun.
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Which statement about the events of photoreception is false?
a) as a rod cell hyperpolarizes, its release of neurotransmitter increases
b) there is more Na+ entry into a rod cell in the dark than in the light
c) bipolar cells release more neurotransmitter in the light than in the dark
d) as a bipolar cell depolarizes, its release of neurotransmitter increases
e) when a rod cell releases neurotransmitter the bipolar cell it synapses with hyperpolarizes
What is the action of the neurotransmitter that is released from photoreceptor cells on bipolar cells?
Given these events:(1) Bipolar cells depolarize.(2) Glutamate release from presynaptic terminals of photoreceptorcells decreases.(3) Light strikes photoreceptor cells.(4) Photoreceptor cells are depolarized.(5) Photoreceptor cells are hyperpolarized.Choose the arrangement that lists the correct order of events, startingwith the photoreceptor cells in the resting, nonactivated state.a. 1,2,3,4,5 b. 2,4,3,5,1 c. 3,4,2,5,1 d. 4,3,5,2,1 e. 5,3,4,1,2
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Life: The Science of Biology
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