Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 56.1, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason due to which communities are defined by creating subsets of species and the type of community subset by which toads and frogs, in the ponds were defined, on Mount St. Helens.
Introduction:
The term “community” is often used in ecology to define a species group that live together at same time and place. Different communities interact in different ways, which infer a characteristic feature to that community. For example, a competitive interaction exists between two communities of a frog that feed on same types of insects.
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Life: The Science of Biology
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- Using the community assembly theory, provide a framework or explanation on: How do some exotic species outperform locally-adapted native species? Cite specific example(s).arrow_forwardWhat does the ecosystem level of classification have in common with the community level of classification? What does the ecosystem level include that the community level does not?arrow_forwardCommunity 1 is formed of species A, B, C, D, and E. Community 2 is formed of species A, C, F, G, H. What is beta diversity, as estimated using the Jaccard indexarrow_forward
- Community 1 contains 100 individuals distributed amongfour species: 5A, 5B, 85C, and 5D. Community 2 contains100 individuals distributed among three species: 30A, 40B,and 30C. Calculate the Shannon diversity (H) for eachcommunity. Which community is more diverse?arrow_forwardwe tested the intermediate disturbance hypothesis formed by Joseph O Connel in 1978. His hypothesis states that the highest levels of diversity might be found in areas with intermediate levels of disturbance. Why did O Connel think that this would be the case?arrow_forwardPond Animal Community B What is the diversity of Pond Animal Community B? O 0.2 0.32 Ⓒ 1.0 1.6arrow_forward
- When we measure species density. If you apply random sampling and systematic sampling to a site setting, what problems may we encounter? Why is there an error compared with the actual density of species?arrow_forwardData shown in this figure describes the species richness of mammals and birds among a variety of Sky islands. Which of the following best fits the correlations represented in the graphs? 1) number of individuals increases with area and decreases with isolation 2) species richness increases with area and decreases with isolation 3) species diversity varies depending on area and isolation? Follow up question which model of species distribution and abundance does this data support? 1) Species area relationship 2) species accumulation curve 3) island-biogeography 4) rapoport’s rulearrow_forwardYou have been researching the biodiversity of different species of lizards in the Florida Everglades. You select a one square acre plot of land and begin tagging and counting the different reptiles found in that area over 6 months. After 6 months of research, you collected the following data: Species Count Green Anole 16 Brown Anole 72 American Alligator 3 Burmese python 2 Corn Snake 9 Eastern Glass Lizard 8 Use the blanks below to answer the following questions: 1. What is the biodiversity index of the one acre lot observed? 2. If you collected the same information for a second square acre 10 miles away and determined that acre to have a biodiversity index of 0.37, would you consider the first area to be biologically diverse and why or why not? 3. What do you think is suppressing biodiversity in the first acre counted? a b carrow_forward
- Pond Animal Community B Determine the diversity of the animal community in the pond using the Shannon Diversity Index. Calculate the species evenness of the community using Pielou's Evenneness Index. Answer the questions at the bottom of the page. Use your answers on this handout to complete the Blackboard assignment: HW 6 Shannon Diversity Index and Pielou's Evenness Index. Species Number Pi Inp prInp, Frog Fish Snail Butterfly Dragonfly H= -E = Pielou's Evenness Index J' Hmax = In(S) = J' = H'/ Hmax= What is the species richness of the pond animal community? What is the species evenness of the pond animal community? What is the diversity of the pond animal community? Which community, A or B, is the most diverse? What qualities of this community give it higher diversity than the other community?arrow_forwardThe following is a matching question, below is text interepreted.Match each term to the best definition or description. ResiliencySpecies richnessBiodiversityGamma diversity words to match it with: number of species in an environment, considers number of habitats and total species number among them, combination of species richness and species eveness, same as species eveness, high probability of recovery to original state, high probability of disruption.If you do not understand the text based question, use the image below.arrow_forwardUse the data in the Table below to answer the following 4 questions. 1. Create a graph (label this as Figure 1) of species richness and species diversity over the study years. Upload your graph in the next question. 2. a) When was species richness lowest, and when was it highest? b)When was species diversity lowest, and when was it highest? 3. What is the effect of invasive species H on community structure in year 3 compared to year 8? 4. What is the overall impact of invasive species H on the species richness and species diversity of this community? TABLE Species Richness Species Diversity YEAR 3 3 0.995 YEAR 8 5 1.516 YEAR 12 5 1.351 YEAR 15 6 1.197arrow_forward
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