Life: The Science of Biology
Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 57.3, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction

To review:

The two food webs, in the forest and in the lake, the reason behind the high trophic efficiency in one of the above food webs, and to understand, which has the higher production efficiency, a crayfish or a bear on the basis of comparison between the species.

Introduction:

When one organism consumes another organism, which is consumed by other organisms as well, then a food web is formed. The food web occurs in all types of ecosystem. For example, in oceans, the large fishes eat the small fishes, which also get eaten by the octopus. In forests, the frog is eaten by the snake, which is eaten by birds, which further gets preyed upon by large animals. The trophic efficiency is measured as the energy available at one trophic level, divided by the energy available at the immediately below trophic level.

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Using the concepts of trophic levels and energy flow, explain why the ecological footprint of a vegetarian person is smaller than that of a meat-eater
Hypothetical balanced food chain. Sun and Earth supply 6 units of energy to each plant. For higher tropic levels, individuals consume 2 units of energy each before passing the remainder to the next trophic level. The number of individuals in each trophic level is given below. Complete the table below by computing for the number of energy units in each column. Trophic Levels No. Individuals in Each Trophic Level No. of Units Received from Trophic Level Above No. Units Used / Individual  (Resp) No. Units Used in Trophic Level No. Units Remaining & Passed on to Next Trophic Level Mean No. Units Available per Individual in Trophic Level SUN +E = 6             1) Plants 30 180 2       2) Grasshopper 19   2       3) Frog 12   2       4) Snake 8   2       5) Owl 4   2
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Energy flow in ecosystem; Author: MooMooMath and Science;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5jBV9vJmXZI;License: Standard youtube license