Microeconomics
21st Edition
ISBN: 9781259915727
Author: Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue, Sean Masaki Flynn Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 5.A, Problem 1ADQ
To determine
Affirmative and negative majority votes and inefficient allocation of resources.
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1. A city has three equal-sized groups of people: (1) Type A people consistently prefer more public school expenditure; (2) Type B people prefer high levels of public school expenditure to low levels, and they prefer low levels to medium levels; (3) Type C people most prefer medium levels to low levels, and they prefer low levels to high levels.
Will majority voting generate consistent outcomes in this case? (Hint: you should check if there are cycles in outcomes by changing the order of voting)
A.True
B. False
2. Suppose Florida government has asked you to design and evaluate the effectiveness of an education voucher program. What is wrong with simply comparing the educational performance of those receiving vouchers with those who do not receive vouchers? Explain.
2. In this problem, you will compare the level of a public good chosen under majority voting to the socially-optimal level under three different sets of circumstances. Suppose first that individual i's demand curve for z is given by αi/z, where αi is a positive parameter. Instead of being linear, this demand curve is a hyperbola. Suppose further that z costs $1 per unit to produce (c = 1) and that this cost is shared equally among consumers. Therefore, cost per person is 1/n per unit of z. Then consider the three sets of circumstances listed below. Each situation has a different number of consumers in the economy and different collections of α values for the consumers. The number of consumers is denoted n and the vector of α values is denoted A = (α1,α2,...,αn-1,αn). Case 1: n = 7, A = (4, 2, 12, 4, 5, 13, 8). Case 2: n = 5, A = (10, 6, 11, 14, 8). Case 3: n = 9, A = (6, 9, 10, 4.5, 12, 7, 13.5, 8, 11). Using this information, do the following:
a)For each case, compute the preferred z…
1.
Chapter 4
Market Failure Caused by Externalities
Page
94 Problem 1
Draw a supply and demand graph and
identify the areas of consumer surplus and
producer surplus. Given the demand curve,
how will an increase in supply affect the
amount of surplus shown in your diagram ?
Explain. LO4.1 (Differentiate between
demand-side market failures and supply-side
market failures.
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- The New York City Council is ready to vote on two billsthat authorize the construction of new roads in Manhattanand Brooklyn. If the two boroughs join forces, they can passboth bills, but neither borough by itself has enough powerto pass a bill. If a bill is passed, then it will cost the taxpayersof each borough $1 million, but if roads are built in aborough, the benefits to the borough are estimated to be $10million. The council votes on both bills simultaneously, andeach councilperson must vote on the bills without knowinghow anybody else will vote. Assuming that each boroughsupports its own bill, determine whether this game has anyequilibrium points. Is this game analogous to the Prisoner’sDilemma? Explain why or why not.arrow_forwardSuppose a local government imposes a tax on sales of firewood. Before the tax, 20,000 bundles were sold at an average price of $6 per bundle. With the tax in effect, 16,000 bundles are sold, buyers pay $6.40 per pack, and sellers receive $5.50 per pack. In this scenario, the tax is $____ per pack, the tax incidence that falls on buyers is $______ per pack, and the tax incidence that falls on sellers is $______ per pack.arrow_forwardRefer to the above supply and demand graph of Product X. Q, Quantity of Product X What would happen if the government taxed the producers of this product because it has negative externalities in production? O 1) Supply would increase. 2) Demand would decrease. O 3) Price would decrease. 4) Supply would decrease. Pricearrow_forward
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