Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134089089
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Seth Shostak
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 26TYU
On an asteroid that is twice as far as Earth from the Sun, the strength of sunlight would be (a) twice as great as on Earth; (b)
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
The surface temperatures of both Venus and Earth are warmer than would be expectedon the basis of their respective distances from the Sun. Why is this so?
The intensity of light from a central source varies inversely as the square of the distance. If you lived on a planet only half as far from the Sun as our Earth, how would Sun’s light intensity compare with that on Earth? How about a planet 10 times farther away than Earth?
The spacecraft that have landed on Mars send their information to the Earth via radio waves. How long do these waves take to reach the Earth when (a) Mars is at its closest to the Earth? (b) Mars is farthest from the Earth? This time delay is important for NASA when it sends a spacecraft to Mars.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
Ch. 7 - Why do we expect the elements of life to be widely...Ch. 7 - How does the strength of sunlight vary with...Ch. 7 - Under what conditions does it seem reasonable to...Ch. 7 - Why is a liquid medium important for life? Why...Ch. 7 - Summarize the three major environmental...Ch. 7 - Why do the Moon and Mercury seem unlikely to be...Ch. 7 - Why is Venus so much hotter than Earth? How does...Ch. 7 - Why does Mars seem such a good candidate for life?Ch. 7 - Briefly discuss the possibility of life on Jupiter...Ch. 7 - With regard to habitability, how do the cases of...
Ch. 7 - What characteristics make some of the large moons...Ch. 7 - Briefly describe the prospects for habitability of...Ch. 7 - Describe and distinguish between space missions...Ch. 7 - For a few of the most important past, present, or...Ch. 7 - On the smallest moon of Uranus, my team discovered...Ch. 7 - New spacecraft images show lakes of liquid water...Ch. 7 - We are pumping water for our new Moon colony from...Ch. 7 - I was part of the first group of people to land on...Ch. 7 - We sent a robotic airplane into the atmosphere of...Ch. 7 - On a moon of Neptune, we discovered photosynthetic...Ch. 7 - We deposited bacteria (from Earth) that get energy...Ch. 7 - The drilled sample showed no signs of life on...Ch. 7 - We cut holes in the frozen surface of a methane...Ch. 7 - The drilled sample from Mars brought up rock that...Ch. 7 - Oxygen and carbon are (a) rarer than almost all...Ch. 7 - On an asteroid that is twice as far as Earth from...Ch. 7 - Compared to liquid water, liquid methane is (a)...Ch. 7 - Frozen lakes often have liquid water beneath their...Ch. 7 - Temperatures on Mercury are (a) always very hot;...Ch. 7 - On Venus, liquid water (a) does not exist...Ch. 7 - The reason Venus is so much hotter than Earth is...Ch. 7 - Life is probably not possible in Jupiters...Ch. 7 - Which of the following are you most likely to find...Ch. 7 - The Cassini spacecraft (a) flew past Pluto; (b)...Ch. 7 - Bizarre Forms of Life. Discuss some forms of life...Ch. 7 - Making a Living. Consider various methods by which...Ch. 7 - Solar System Tour. Based on the brief tour in this...Ch. 7 - Galileo Spacecraft. In 2003, scientists...Ch. 7 - Greenhouse Effect. The text (in Chapter 4) makes...Ch. 7 - Prob. 41IFCh. 7 - Understanding Newtons Version of Keplers Third Law...Ch. 7 - Understanding Newtons Version of Keplers Third Law...Ch. 7 - Earth Mass. The Moon orbits Earth in an average...Ch. 7 - Jupiter Mass. Jupiters moon Io orbits Jupiter...Ch. 7 - Pluto/Charon Mass. Plutos moon Charon orbits Pluto...Ch. 7 - Mission to Pluto. The New Horizons spacecraft took...Ch. 7 - Planetary Missions. Visit the web page for one of...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Torques and tug-of-war. In a study of the biomechanics of the tug-of-war, a 2.0-m-tall, 80.0 kg competitor in t...
College Physics (10th Edition)
Choose the best answer to each of the following. Explain your reasoning. Which of a planets fundamental propert...
Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals
3. What is free-fall, and why does it make you weightless? Briefly describe why astronauts are weightless in th...
The Cosmic Perspective (8th Edition)
If you see green light of 520-nm wavelength when looking at the part of a soap bubble that is closest to you of...
College Physics
The circuit at tight contains three identical bulbs and an ideal battery. Assume that the resistance of the swi...
Tutorials in Introductory Physics
Explain all answers clearly, with complete sentences and proper essay structure if needed. An asterisk (*) desi...
The Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals (2nd Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- For a satellite launched to an altitude of 800 km, is there any significant difference to the lifetime depending on the phase of the solar cycle at launch? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardEarth's daylight surface disk absorbs about 1047 W per m2 from the Sun. Using 6400 km for the Earth's radius, how much of this radiative power is emitted by each square meter of the spherical Earth? (Compare ratio of disk area to spherical surface area)arrow_forwardNear the martian equator, temperatures at the same spot can vary from an average of 135 °C at night to an average of 30 °C during the day. How can you explain such a wide difference in temperature compared to that on Earth?arrow_forward
- Earths daylight surface disk absorbs about 1045 W per m2 from the Sun. Using 6400 km for the Earths radius, how much of this radiative power is emitted by each square meter of the spherical Earth ?arrow_forwardHumanity's Energy Needs: Humankind's total annual energy need is approximately 4 x 10^20 J. a) What is this in Watts? b) The solar energy reaching the Earth is ~340 W/m^2. If we could collect 100% of the energy hitting 1/20th (5%) of the Earth's surface, and Earth's surface is 5x10^14 m^2, show that we could collect enough energy to meet all of humankind's annual energy needs in less than 12 hours. c) Alternatively, if we wanted to provide all of humankind's energy needs with wind power, how many 100 MW wind farms are needed? (Assume constant average energy use and no efficiency losses.)arrow_forwardIf astronauts attempt interplanetary space travel, then heavy shielding will be required to protect them from solar radiation. If massive amounts of either fuel or water are carried, then the spacecraft must be very large. Therefore, if heavy shielding is required to protect the astronauts from solar radiation only if massive amounts of fuel are carried, then if astronauts attempt interplanetary space travel, then the spacecraft must be very large. (A = Astronauts attempt interplanetary space travel. H = Heavy shielding will be required to protect astronauts from solar radiation. F = Massive amounts of fuel are carried. W = Massive amounts of water are carried. L = The spacecraft must be very large.) AFHLW ∼•⊃∨≡(){}[]///arrow_forward
- What fraction of the energy emitted from the sun is absorbed by the Earth? Treat the sun like a light bulb 93 million miles away. Also, assume the Earth only absorbs the energy associated with an area of approximately 50 million square miles. (This is roughly the area of a disc with the same radius as the Earth.)arrow_forwardKepler’s First Law: Elliptical Planetary Orbits: The solar system major planet in the most elliptical solar orbit is little Mercury, which is the closest planet to the Sun. At Perihelion, Mercury’s distance from the Sun (Rp) is 0.31 AU. At Aphelion, Mercury’s distance from the Sun (Ra) is 0.47 AU. The intensity of Sunlight (I) that a planet receives from the Sun is inversely proportional to the square of that planet’s distance from the Sun (R). in other words, I = Constant / R2. Calculate how much more intense the Sunlight received by Mercury is at perihelion (p) than at aphelion (a): Rp2 = Ra2 = Ip / Ia = Ra2 / Rp2 =arrow_forwardK What is the wavelength (in nm) of the most intense radiation emitted from the surface of Mercury at high noon? (Hint: Use Wien's law, Amax = 2.90 x 10° m: K %3D T (in K) nm In which band of the electromagnetic spectrum is that wavelength? (Hint: Examine the following figure.) Visible light Short wavelengths Long wavelengths 4 x 107 5x 107 6x 107 7x 10meters (400 nm) (500 nm) (600 nm) /(700 nm) Wavelength (meters) 10 12 10 10 10 104 102 1 102 104 Gamma- ray Ultra- violet Micro- Radio X-ray Infrared wave UHF VHF FM AM a Opaque Visual window Radio window Transparent Short Wavelength Long b O gamma-ray O X-ray O ultraviolet O visual O infrared O microwave O radio оооо о оо Opacity of Earth's atmospherearrow_forward
- Calculate how long radio communications from the spacecraft will take when it encounters Mars. The furthest distance from Earth to Mars is 2.66 AU. Remember that 1 AU = 1.5 x 1011 m and that light travels at 3 x 108 m/s. So how long will the radio messages take to travel this greatest distance of 2.66 AU? If two way communication between the Earth and the spacecraft involve a 1 s time lapse before an acknowledging signal is sent by the spacecraft, how long a time is there between sending a command to the spacecraft and receiving a reply?arrow_forwardWhat is the ratio of the sunlight intensity reaching Pluto compared with the sunlight intensity reaching Earth? (On average,Pluto is 39 times as far from the Sun as is Earth.)arrow_forwardCalculate the total amount of radiative energy per second intercepted by Mars from the Sun using the flux of radiation from the Sun at Mars' orbital radius. Flux of radiation from the Sun at Mars' orbital radius is 597 W m-2. The luminosity of the Sun Ls = 3.8×1026 W. Mars orbits at a distance of 2.25×1011 m (1.5 AU) from the Sun. Note: Consider carefully the cross-sectional area Mars presents to the outwards flow of radiative energy when answering this question.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- AstronomyPhysicsISBN:9781938168284Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. WolffPublisher:OpenStaxPhysics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9781938168284
Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher:OpenStax
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Kepler's Three Laws Explained; Author: PhysicsHigh;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kyR6EO_RMKE;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY