The electron configurations described in this chapter all refer to gaseous atoms in their ground states. An atom may absorb a quantum of energy and promote one of its electrons to a higher-energy orbital. When this happens, we say that the atom is in an excited state. The electron configurations of some excited atoms are given. Identify these atoms and write their ground-state configurations:
- (a) 1s12s1
- (b) 1s22s22p23d1
- (c) 1s22s22p64s1
- (d) [Ar]4s13d104p4
- (e) [Ne]3s23p43d1
(a)
Interpretation:
The symbols of the given atoms in which the electron configurations of excited states are given and their corresponding ground-state configurations should be described using the concept of electron configurations.
Concept Introduction:
The ground state is the lowest possible energy state for an atom. An excited state is any energy level higher than the ground state. There is only one ground state energy for an atom, but there can be many possible excited states for an atom. The ground state is called when all of the electrons of an atom are in their lowest possible energy levels/subshells. For
The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or a molecule in various atomic orbitals.
To find: Get the symbols of the given atoms in which the electron configurations of excited states are given and their corresponding ground-state configurations
Answer to Problem 7.120QP
Helium (
Explanation of Solution
The electron configurations generally refer to gaseous atoms in their ground states. An atom may absorb a quantum of energy and promote one of its electrons to a higher energy orbital. When this happens, at that time the atom is in an excited state. The given excited atoms are neutral. Hence, the total number of electrons is the same as the atomic number of the element.
Two electrons are involved. Hence, its ground-state configuration is
(b)
Interpretation:
The symbols of the given atoms in which the electron configurations of excited states are given and their corresponding ground-state configurations should be described using the concept of electron configurations.
Concept Introduction:
The ground state is the lowest possible energy state for an atom. An excited state is any energy level higher than the ground state. There is only one ground state energy for an atom, but there can be many possible excited states for an atom. The ground state is called when all of the electrons of an atom are in their lowest possible energy levels/subshells. For
The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or a molecule in various atomic orbitals.
To find: Get the symbols of the given atoms in which the electron configurations of excited states are given and their corresponding ground-state configurations
Answer to Problem 7.120QP
Carbon (
Explanation of Solution
Six electrons are involved. Hence, its ground-state configuration is
(c)
Interpretation:
The symbols of the given atoms in which the electron configurations of excited states are given and their corresponding ground-state configurations should be described using the concept of electron configurations.
Concept Introduction:
The ground state is the lowest possible energy state for an atom. An excited state is any energy level higher than the ground state. There is only one ground state energy for an atom, but there can be many possible excited states for an atom. The ground state is called when all of the electrons of an atom are in their lowest possible energy levels/subshells. For
The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or a molecule in various atomic orbitals.
To find: Get the symbols of the given atoms in which the electron configurations of excited states are given and their corresponding ground-state configurations
Answer to Problem 7.120QP
Sodium (
Explanation of Solution
11 electrons are involved. Hence, its ground-state configuration is
(d)
Interpretation:
The symbols of the given atoms in which the electron configurations of excited states are given and their corresponding ground-state configurations should be described using the concept of electron configurations.
Concept Introduction:
The ground state is the lowest possible energy state for an atom. An excited state is any energy level higher than the ground state. There is only one ground state energy for an atom, but there can be many possible excited states for an atom. The ground state is called when all of the electrons of an atom are in their lowest possible energy levels/subshells. For
The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or a molecule in various atomic orbitals.
To find: Get the symbols of the given atoms in which the electron configurations of excited states are given and their corresponding ground-state configurations
Answer to Problem 7.120QP
Arsenic (
Explanation of Solution
33 electrons are involved. Hence, its ground-state configuration is
(e)
Interpretation:
The symbols of the given atoms in which the electron configurations of excited states are given and their corresponding ground-state configurations should be described using the concept of electron configurations.
Concept Introduction:
The ground state is the lowest possible energy state for an atom. An excited state is any energy level higher than the ground state. There is only one ground state energy for an atom, but there can be many possible excited states for an atom. The ground state is called when all of the electrons of an atom are in their lowest possible energy levels/subshells. For
The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or a molecule in various atomic orbitals.
To find: Get the symbols of the given atoms in which the electron configurations of excited states are given and their corresponding ground-state configurations
Answer to Problem 7.120QP
Chlorine (
Explanation of Solution
17 electrons are involved. Hence, its ground-state configuration is
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