21st Century Astronomy
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393428063
Author: Kay
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 7.5, Problem 7.5CYU
To determine
Select the correct method for discovering an Earth-mass planet around a star.
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19 A planet is detected via the Doppler technique. The velocity change of the star is a measure of
A The planet's size and density.
B
C
D
E
The planet's mass and orbital distance.
The planet's orbital period and eccentricity.
The planet's mass and composition.
The planet's size and orbital distance.
1. The diameter of the Sun is equal to 1.392*10^9 m, and the distance from the Sun to Saturnis equal to 9.5 AU. Suppose you want to build an exact scale model of the solar system,and you are using a volleyball with average diameter of 21 cm to represent the Sun. a) In your scale model, how far away would Saturn be from the Sun? Give your answer inmeters.b) The actual diameter of Saturn is 116,460 km. What would be Saturn’s diameter in yourscale model? Give your answer in centimeters.
You decide to go on an interstellar mission to explore some of the newly discovered extrasolar
planets orbiting the star ROTOR. Your spacecraft arrives in the new system, in which there are
five planets. ROTOR is identical to the Sun (in terms of its size, mass, age and composition). From
your observations of these planets, you collect the following data:
Density Average Distance
from star (AU]
Planet
Mass
Radius
Albedo
Temp.
[C]
Surf. Press.
MOI
Rotation
[Earth = 1]
(Earth = 1] [g/cm³]
[Atm.]
Period (Hours]
Factor
SIEVER
EUGENIA
4.0
0.001
2.0
0.1
5.0
1.0
0.3
20
0.8
N/A
3.0
0.2
N/A
0.3
0.4
0.35
20
10
500
1000
5.0
4.0
0.5
0.8
0.4
0.7
-50
MARLENE
CRILE
1.0
1.0
3.0
8.0
1,5
0.0
0.50
0.50
0.25
150
0.4
JANUS
100
12
0.1
10
-80
0.2
200
Figure 1:
А
Rotor
850
890
900
Wavelength (nm)
A
Sun
В
C
860
900
910
Wavelength (nm)
2414
a as
Chapter 7 Solutions
21st Century Astronomy
Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 7.1CYUCh. 7.2 - Prob. 7.2CYUCh. 7.3 - Prob. 7.3CYUCh. 7.4 - Prob. 7.4CYUCh. 7.5 - Prob. 7.5CYUCh. 7 - Prob. 1QPCh. 7 - Prob. 2QPCh. 7 - Prob. 3QPCh. 7 - Prob. 4QPCh. 7 - Prob. 5QP
Ch. 7 - Prob. 6QPCh. 7 - Prob. 7QPCh. 7 - Prob. 8QPCh. 7 - Prob. 9QPCh. 7 - Prob. 10QPCh. 7 - Prob. 11QPCh. 7 - Prob. 12QPCh. 7 - Prob. 13QPCh. 7 - Prob. 14QPCh. 7 - Prob. 15QPCh. 7 - Prob. 16QPCh. 7 - Prob. 17QPCh. 7 - Prob. 18QPCh. 7 - Prob. 19QPCh. 7 - Prob. 20QPCh. 7 - Prob. 21QPCh. 7 - Prob. 22QPCh. 7 - Prob. 23QPCh. 7 - Prob. 24QPCh. 7 - Prob. 25QPCh. 7 - Prob. 26QPCh. 7 - Prob. 27QPCh. 7 - Prob. 28QPCh. 7 - Prob. 29QPCh. 7 - Prob. 30QPCh. 7 - Prob. 31QPCh. 7 - Prob. 32QPCh. 7 - Prob. 33QPCh. 7 - Prob. 34QPCh. 7 - Prob. 35QPCh. 7 - Prob. 36QPCh. 7 - Prob. 37QPCh. 7 - Prob. 38QPCh. 7 - Prob. 39QPCh. 7 - Prob. 40QPCh. 7 - Prob. 41QPCh. 7 - Prob. 42QPCh. 7 - Prob. 43QPCh. 7 - Prob. 44QPCh. 7 - Prob. 45QP
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- 19. A laser beam takes 0.024s to jravel from a rocket to the reflective surface of a planet and back to the rocket. How far is the rocket from this planet's surface? a) 2400 km b) 1200 km c) 1800 km d) 3600 km e) 4800 km Class commarrow_forward12. Complete the chart for escape velocities. Object Earth Radius (m) 6.38x106 Mass (kg) 5.98x1024 Vescape (m/s) (km/h) Vescape 1.74x10 7.15x107 7.35x1022 1.90x10²7 Мon | Jupiterarrow_forward2. Comet 1943 I has a period of 512 years and an eccentricity of 0.999914 and an inclination of 22 degrees. a. What is the comet's semi major axis? b. What are its perihelion and aphelion distances? c. What is the most likely source region of this object? d. What is its tisserand parameter and what does that tell you?arrow_forward
- Saturn, as viewed through a telescope, appears as a a. spherical and heavily cratered object. b. bland and nearly featureless disk. c. disk composed of brightly colored belts and bands. d. highly elliptical and bright blue disk.arrow_forwardWhich of the following observations would support the solar nebula theory over the passing star hypothesis? a. Proving that most of the sun-like stars near the sun also have planets orbiting them. b. Proving that none of the stars near the sun has planets orbiting them. c. Finding a planet located beyond the orbit of Pluto. d. Finding a meteorite whose age proved to be greater than 4.6 billion years. e. Proving that Mercury has the same uncompressed density as Earth.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements accurately describes our current understanding of the solar system? a. There are no metals in the solar system beyond Jupiter and its orbit. b. Terrestrial worlds are so small because their large atmospheres were stripped away in time by Jupiter. c. Jupiter and Saturn are made of strictly a combination of hydrogen and helium, and both objects lack a planetary core. d. Various ices can contribute to the mass of planetary cores if we are at a great enough distance from the sun.arrow_forward
- 1. The diameter of the Sun is equal to 1.392 × 10⁹ m, and the distance from the Sun to Saturn is equal to 9.5 AU. Suppose you want to build an exact scale model of the solar system, and you are using a volleyball with average diameter of 21 cm to represent the Sun. a) In your scale model, how far away would Saturn be from the Sun? Give your answer in meters. b) The actual diameter of Saturn is 116,460 km. What would be Saturn's diameter in your scale model? Give your answer in centimeters.arrow_forwardQUESTION 1 Estimate The Temperature For A Planet In Other Solar System (Questions 1-3) Let us assume scientists just discovered a planet orbiting a star in an extra-solar system. The star has a surface temperature Ts = 10000 Kelvins and a radius Sr = 1x109 meters. Scientists also measured the distance (D) between the star and the planet as D = 2 AU - 3.0x1011 meters. The solar power per unit area from the star's surface (Ps) can be calculated from the star's surface temperature Ts (10000 Kelvins) by the Stefen-Boltzman law Ps=0(Ts)4, where o is Stefen-Boltzman constant (5.67 x 10-8 Watt/meter2/Kelvin4). What is the solar power per unit area from the star's surface (Ps)? O Ps ~ 2.87 x 108 Watt/meter2 O Ps ~ 5.67 x 108 Watt/meter2 O O Ps ~ 2.87 x 10 Watt/meter2 Watt/meter² Ps ~ 5.67 x 10⁹ QUESTION 2 The solar power (Ps) decreases from the star's surface to the distance at the planet. Assuming the solar power per unit area at the distance of the planet as Pp, we have Pp=Ps(Sr/D)2, where…arrow_forward20 Approximately how many other planetary systems have been discovered to date? A Tens of thousands B) Tens C Hundreds D Thousands E Millionsarrow_forward
- 1. The diameter of the Sun is equal to 1.392 × 10⁹ m, and the distance from the Sun to Saturn is equal to 9.5 AU. Suppose you want to build an exact scale model of the solar system, and you are using a volleyball with average diameter of 21 cm to represent the Sun.arrow_forward5. A spherical planet has a mass of 5 X 1024 kg. Its diameter is 10,000 km. First calculate its vol- ume in meters (1 km = 1000 m). Then calculate its density (Mass/Volume) in kg/m³.arrow_forward2. Over several months an astronomer observes an exoplanet orbiting a distant star at a distance of 5.934 AU. Its orbit period was projected to be 3.875 years. Convert the orbit radius to meters and period to seconds. Use this information to calculate the mass M of the star in kg and solar mass units (Mo). Star Exoplanet Orbit radius (m) Orbit period (s) Star mass (kg) Star mass (Mo)arrow_forward
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