Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Concept Introduction:
Molar mass can be determined using the given equation,
Ideal gas Equation:
Any gas is described by using four terms namely pressure, volume, temperature and the amount of gas. Thus combining three laws namely Boyle’s, Charles’s Law and Avogadro’s Hypothesis the following equation could be obtained. It is referred as ideal gas equation.
Here,
n is the moles of gas
P is the Pressure
V is the Volume
T is the Temperature
R is the gas constant
(a)
Explanation of Solution
Number of moles of
Number of moles present after vaporization is calculated using Ideal Gas Lew as given below,
Number of moles before and after vaporization are not equal. Hence, decomposition of
(b)
Interpretation:
Partial pressure of each of the gaseous compound has to be calculated.
Concept Introduction:
Mole fraction: Quantity which defines the number of moles of a substance in a mixture divided by the total number of moles of all substances present.
Partial pressure of a gas in the mixture of gases is the product of mole fraction of the gas and the total pressure.
(b)
Answer to Problem 118QRT
Partial pressure of each of the gaseous compound is given below,
Explanation of Solution
Total number of moles is
Initial number of moles of
Change in number of moles of reactants and products can be determined as given below,
According to Dalton’s law, the total pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is equal to the sum of the individual partial pressure of the gases.
Mole fraction of each of the gaseous compound is calculated as follows,
Partial pressure of each of the gaseous compound is determined as follows,
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
- What possible uses exist for the natural gas liquids that are removed from natural gas during its processing?arrow_forwardHow does hydraulic fracturing differ from previously used techniques for the recovery of natural gas from the earth?arrow_forwardA 5.00 L flask is evacuated and 44.81 g of solid dinitrogen tetroxide, N2O4, is introduced at −196 °C. The sample is then warmed to 25 °C during which time the N2O4 vaporizes and some of it dissociates to form brown NO2 gas. The pressure slowly increases until it stabilizes at 3.27 atm. 1. Write the balanced reaction for the dissociation of N2O4. 2. What would be the pressure in the flask at 25 °C if the gas were all N2O4? 3. What would be the pressure in the flask at 25 °C if all of the gas converted into NO2? 4. What are the mole fractions of N2O4 and NO2 once the pressure in the flask stabilizes at 3.27 atm?arrow_forward
- A metal cylinder with a capacity of 6.0 L is filled with compressed propane (C3H8). The pressure and temperature of the cylinder when it was initially filled were 120 atm and 75 ◦C, respectively. The molar mass of carbon is 12 g·mol−1 and the molar mass of hydrogen is 1 g·mol−1. a) How many moles of propane are in the cylinder? b) What is the mass of the propane inside the cylinder? c) After some time, the cylinder and its contents cool to 25 ◦C. What is the pressure in the cylinder after it has cooled?arrow_forwardWhen limestone (solid CaCO3) is heated, it decomposes into lime (solid CaO) and carbon dioxide gas. This is an extremely useful industrial process of great antiquity, because powdered lime mixed with water is the basis for mortar and concrete - the lime absorbs CO₂ from the air and turns back into hard, durable limestone. Suppose some calcium carbonate is sealed into a limekiln of volume 550. L and heated to 910.0 °C. When the amount of CaCO3 has stopped changing, it is found that 567. g have disappeared. P Calculate the pressure equilibrium constant K, this experiment suggests for the equilibrium between CaCO3 and CaO at 910.0 °C. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. Note for advanced students: it's possible there was some error in this experiment, and the value it suggests for K does not match the accepted value. K-0 Parrow_forwardThe decomposition of 30.175 g of potassium chlorate yields solid potassium chloride and oxygen gas that is collected at 27.29°C and a pressure of 1.104 atm. The value for the gas constant, R, is 0.08206 L•atm/mol•K. What mass of potassium chlorate needs to decompose in order to produce 11.635 L of oxygen gas collected at the same temperature and pressure as the original experiment?arrow_forward
- Neon and HF have approximately the same molecular mass. (a) Explain why the boiling point of Neon and HF differ. (b) Compare the change in the boiling points of Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe with the change of the boiling points of HF, HCl, HBr, and HI, and explain the difference between the changes with increasing atomic or molecular mass.arrow_forwardWhen limestone (solid CaCO3) is heated, it decomposes into lime (solid CaO) and carbon dioxide gas. This is an extremely useful industrial process of great antiquity, because powdered lime mixed with water is the basis for mortar and concrete - the lime absorbs CO₂ from the air and turns back into hard, durable limestone. Suppose some calcium carbonate is sealed into a limekiln of volume 550. L and heated to 520.0 °C. When the amount of CaCO3 has stopped changing, it is found that 8.46 kg have disappeared. Calculate the pressure equilibrium constant K, this experiment suggests for the equilibrium between CaCO3 and CaO at 520.0 °C. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. P Note for advanced students: it's possible there was some error in this experiment, and the value it suggests for K does not match the accepted value. 0 Xarrow_forwardSodium and potassium elements react with water to form hydrogen gas with hydroxide compound. a) Write the reaction equation. b) When 3,196 g of sodium-potassium alloy reacted with excess water, 1,23 liters of hydrogen gas was released at 27 °C and 1 atm. What is the amount of sodium and potassium in the alloy?(Na: 23 g / mol, O: 16 g / mol, H: 1 g / mol, R: 0,082 L.atm / mol.K)arrow_forward
- A student experimentally determines the gas law constant, R, by reacting a small piece of magnesium with excess hydrochloric acid and then collecting the hydrogen gas over water in a eudiometer. Based on experimentally collected data, the student calculates R to equal L'atm 0.0832 mol·K L'atm Ideal gas law constant from literature: 0.08206 mol·K (a) Determine the percent error for the student's R-value. Percent error =|1.389 (b) For the statements below, identify the possible source(s) of error for this student's trial. The student uses the barometric pressure for the lab to calculate R. The student does not equilibrate the water levels within the eudiometer and the beaker at the end of the reaction. The water level in the eudiometer is 1-inch above the water level in the beaker. The student does not clean the zinc metal with sand paper. The student notices a large air bubble in the eudiometer after collecting the hydrogen gas, but does not dislodge it.arrow_forwardWhen limestone (solid CaCO₂) is heated, it decomposes into time (solid CaO) and carbon dioxide gas. This is an extremely useful industrial process of great antiquity, because powdered lime mixed with water is the basis for mortar and concrete - the lime absorbs CO₂ from the air and turns back into hard, durable limestone. Suppose some calcium carbonate is sealed into a limekiln of volume 500. L and heated to 520.0 °C. When the amount of CaCO, has topped changing, it is found that 7.69 kg have disappeared. Calculate the pressure equilibrium constant K, this experiment suggests for the equilibrium between CaCO, and CaO at 520.0 °C. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. Note for advanced students: it's possible there was some error in this experiment, and the value it suggests for K does not match the accepted value. Xarrow_forwardA student experimentally determines the gas law constant, R, by reacting a small piece of magnesium with excess hydrochloric acid and then collecting the hydrogen gas over water in a eudiometer. Based L-atm on experimentally collected data, the student calculates R to equal 0.0832 mol·K L-atm Ideal gas law constant from literature: 0.08206 mol·K (a) Determine the percent error for the student's R-value. Percent error = % (b) For the statements below, identify the possible source(s) of error for this student's trial. The student notices a large air bubble in the eudiometer after collecting the hydrogen gas, but does not dislodge it. The student does not clean the zinc metal with sand paper. The student does not equilibrate the water levels within the eudiometer and the beaker at the end of the reaction. The water level in the eudiometer is 1-inch above the water level in the beaker. The student uses the barometric pressure for the lab to calculate R.arrow_forward
- Introductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningWorld of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage LearningChemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning