Chemistry for Engineering Students
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781337398909
Author: Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 8, Problem 8.24PAE
8.24 What is the key difference between metallic bonding (in the sea of electrons model) and ionic bonding (as described in Chapter 7) that explains why metals conduct electricity and ionic solids do not?
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CHAPTER 8 - BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
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References
Use the References to access important values if needed for this question.
The length of a covalent bond depends upon the size of the atoms and the bond order.
For each pair of covalently bonded atoms, choose the one expected to have the shortest bond length.
(A) P-Br
(B) C-Br
(A.B)
(C) P-I
(D) P-CI
(C.D)
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FLV
Galium (Ga) is an element in group III with atomic number 31. By referring to the Periodic Table, answer the following questions.
Explain how the atomic radius of gallium differs from aluminium.
Explain how the electronegativity of gallium differs from aluminium.
Explain how the electronegativity of gallium differs from germanium.
Explain how the ionisation energy of gallium differs from germanium.
Explain how the ionisation energy of gallium differs from indium.
Calculate the lattice energy of NaCl(s) using the following thermodynamic data (all data is in kJ/mol). Note that the data given has been perturbed, so looking up the answer is probably not a good idea.
Na(s)
ΔHsublimation = 88 kJ/mol
Na(g)
Ionization energy = 476 kJ/mol
Cl-Cl(g)
Bond energy = 223 kJ/mol
Cl(g)
Electron affinity = -369 kJ/mol
NaCl(s)
ΔH°f = -431 kJ/mol
____________ kJ/mol
Chapter 8 Solutions
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Ch. 8 - Prob. 1COCh. 8 - • describe the arrangement of atoms in the common...Ch. 8 - • use bind theory to describe bonding in solids.Ch. 8 - Prob. 4COCh. 8 - Prob. 5COCh. 8 - Prob. 6COCh. 8 - Prob. 7COCh. 8 - • explain the connection between intermolecular...Ch. 8 - Prob. 9COCh. 8 - Prob. 10CO
Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.1PAECh. 8 - Why is the C 60form of carbon called...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.3PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.4PAECh. 8 - What is the relationship between the structures of...Ch. 8 - Use the web to look up information on nanotubes....Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.7PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.8PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.9PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.10PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.11PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.12PAECh. 8 - 8.13 What is the coordination number of atoms in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.14PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.15PAECh. 8 - 8.16 Iridium forms a face-centered cubic lattice,...Ch. 8 - 8.17 Europium forms a body-centered cubic unit...Ch. 8 - 8.18 Manganese has a body-centered cubic unit cell...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.19PAECh. 8 - 8.20 How many electrons per atom are delocalized...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.21PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.22PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.23PAECh. 8 - 8.24 What is the key difference between metallic...Ch. 8 - 8.25 Draw a depiction of the band structure of a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.26PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.27PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.28PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.29PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.30PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.31PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.32PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.33PAECh. 8 - Suppose that a device is using a 15.0-mg sample of...Ch. 8 - 8.35 What is an instantancous dipole?Ch. 8 - 8.36 Why are dispersion forces attractive?Ch. 8 - 8.37 If a molecule is not very polarizable, how...Ch. 8 - 8.38 What is the relationship between...Ch. 8 - 8.39 Under what circumstances are ion-dipole...Ch. 8 - 8.40 Which of the following compounds would be...Ch. 8 - 8.41 What is the specific feature of N, O, and F...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.42PAECh. 8 - 8.43 Identify the kinds of intermolecular forces...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.44PAECh. 8 - 8.45 Describe how interactions between molecules...Ch. 8 - 8.46 What makes a chemical compound volatile?Ch. 8 - 8.47 Answer each of the following questions with...Ch. 8 - 8.48 Why must the vapor pressure of a substance be...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.49PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.50PAECh. 8 - 8.51 Suppose that three unknown pure substances...Ch. 8 - 8.52 Rank the following hydrocarbons in order of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.53PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.54PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.55PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.56PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.57PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.58PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.59PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.60PAECh. 8 - 8.61 Distinguish between a block copolymer and a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.62PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.63PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.64PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.65PAECh. 8 - 8.66 What structural characteristics are needed...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.67PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.68PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.69PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.70PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.71PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.72PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.73PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.74PAECh. 8 - 8.75 Using pentagons, draw arrangements that...Ch. 8 - 8.76 Using circles, draw regular two-dimensional...Ch. 8 - 8.77 What is the difference between a bonding...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.78PAECh. 8 - 8.79 Most gaseous compounds consist of small...Ch. 8 - 8.80 Why are dipole—dipole forces typically...Ch. 8 - 8.81 Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a liquid at...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.82PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.83PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.84PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.85PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.86PAECh. 8 - 8.87 Use the vapor pressure curves illustrated...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.88PAECh. 8 - 8.89 The following data show the vapor pressure of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.90PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.91PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.92PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.93PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.94PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.95PAECh. 8 - 8.96 A business manager wants to provide a wider...Ch. 8 - 8.97 The doping of semiconductors can be done with...Ch. 8 - 8.98 If you know the density of material and the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.99PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.100PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.101PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.102PAECh. 8 - 8.103 Cryolite (Na3AlF6) is used in refining...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.104PAECh. 8 - Prob. 8.105PAE
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Why do nonmetals tend to form anions rather than cations?arrow_forwardCompare the properties of an ionic material such as sodium chloride with a room-temperature ionic liquid. Explain this difference.arrow_forwardn your own words, what is meant by the term electronegativity? What are the trends across and down the periodic table for electronegativity? Explain them, and describe how they are consistent with trends of ionization energy and atomic radii.arrow_forward
- Describe the formation of a sodium chloride crystal from atoms.arrow_forwardExplain the decomposition of nitroglycerin in terms of relative bond enthalpies.arrow_forwardUsing the standard enthalpy of formation data in Appendix G, determine which bond is stronger: the SF bond in SF4(g) or in SF6(g)?arrow_forward
- The electron affinity of oxygen is -141kj/mol, corresponding to the reaction O(g)+e-—>O-(g) The lattice energy of K2O(s) is 2238kj/mol.Use these data along with data in Appendix C and figure 7.10 to calculate the “second electron affinity” of oxygen, corresponding to the reaction O-(g)+e-—>O2-(g)arrow_forwardd) 8 11. What is the difference between Atomic Mass and Atomic Number? a) Atomic Mass is the number of protons; Atomic Number is the number of neutrons b) Atomic Mass is the number of protons and neutrons; Atomic Number is the number of protons c) Atomic Mass is the number of neutrons; Atomic Number is the number of protons 12. What is the electron configuration of the Neon (Ne) atom? 13. Draw the Lewis Structure for N₂arrow_forwardWhat would be the electron dot structure of a molecule of sulphur which is made up of eight atoms of sulphur?arrow_forward
- How does ionic radius affect the strength of an ionic bond and why?arrow_forwardThe energy for the following reaction was measured to be -1033.0 kJ/mol. Mg(g) + 2 Cl(g) → MgCl,(s). Using this fact and the data in the table below, calculate the enthalpy (in kJ/mol) required to separate the ions from the lattice for this reaction: MgCl₂(s) → Mg²+(g) + 2Cl(g). Substance Ionization Energies (kJ/mol) Electron (kJ/mol) Mg (g) 737.8 0 Mg* (g) 1450.7 Cl (g) 1251.2 -349arrow_forwardThe energy for the following reaction was measured to be -1033.0 kJ/mol. Mg(g) + 2 Cl(g) → MgCl,(s). Using this fact and the data in the table below, calculate the enthalpy (in kJ/mol) required to separate the ions from the lattice for this reaction: MgCl₂(s) → Mg²+(g) + 2Cl(g). Substance Ionization Energies (kJ/mol) Electron (kJ/mol) 0 Mg (g) 737.8 Mg* (g) 1450.7 CI (g) 1251.2 -349arrow_forward
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