Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8.1, Problem 1CC
Summary Introduction
To determine: How the “second law of
Introduction: The second law of thermodynamics states that “Total energy cannot decrease over time in an isolated system”. An isolated system is a system where there is no exchange of matter or energy. Diffusion of a substance across a membrane occurs based on the concentration gradient.
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MAKE CONNECTIONS Explain why the set of forces driving ionmovement across the plasma membrane of a cell is described as anelectrochemical (electrical and chemical) gradient (see Concept 7.4).
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Cytosol
Mitochondrion
A. PATHWAY 1.
major
pathway of
ethanol
metabolism
NAD* NADH + H*
NAD* NADH + H*
in the liver CH,-CH,-OH ADH + CH,-C=O
CH;-C-OH + H-O-H
ALDH
ETHANOL
ACETALDEHYDE
АСЕТАТЕ
WATER
B. PATHWAY 2
microsomal
ethanol
CYP2E1
oxidizing
system
(MEOS)
NADPH + H* + O2
NADP* + 2H,O
Excess alcohol consumption increases the NADH:NAD* ratio in the cytosol of hepatocytes.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 8.1 - Describe the forms of energy found in an apple as...Ch. 8.1 - WHAT IF? If you place a teaspoon of sugar in the...Ch. 8.2 - Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen,...Ch. 8.2 - VISUAL SKILLS How would the processes of...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 8.3 - How does ATP typically transfer energy from an...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Does Figure 8.11a show passive...Ch. 8.4 - Many spontaneous reactions occur very slowly. Why...
Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.4 - WHAT IF? Malonate is an inhibitor of the enzyme...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 8.5 - How do an activator and an inhibitor have...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8 - Explain how the highly ordered structure of a cell...Ch. 8 - Explain the meaning of each component in the...Ch. 8 - Describe the ATP cycle: How is ATP used and...Ch. 8 - How do both activation energy barriers and enzymes...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.5CRCh. 8 - Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 8 - Which of the following metabolic processes can...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 8 - Some bacteria art metabolically active in hot...Ch. 8 - If an enzyme is added to a solution where its...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 8 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Some people argue that...Ch. 8 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 8 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ENERGY AND MATTER Life...Ch. 8 - Prob. 11TYU
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