Whether N − O or C − O has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given. Concept Introduction: A polar bond is a type of chemical bond where pair of electrons are unequally shared between two atoms. Polarity: Polarity is a separation of electric charge that leads to a molecule or its chemical groups to have an electric dipole moment. The polarity is determined by the electronegativity difference of atoms bonded to each other. The larger difference in electronegativity accounts for the more polar bond. Dipole moment: Dipole moment is a measure of the unequal sharing of electrons in a molecule. In this one atom have a negative charge and one atom have a positive charge. The arrow points from less electronegative element to more electronegative element and that show the direction of the dipole. Electronegativity: Polar molecules must contain polar bonds due to a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. The capability of an atom to attract the shared electrons in a chemical bond is defined as electronegativity.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.53QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether N−O or C−O has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A polar bond is a type of chemical bond where pair of electrons are unequally shared between two atoms.

Polarity: Polarity is a separation of electric charge that leads to a molecule or its chemical groups to have an electric dipole moment.

The polarity is determined by the electronegativity difference of atoms bonded to each other. The larger difference in electronegativity accounts for the more polar bond.

Dipole moment: Dipole moment is a measure of the unequal sharing of electrons in a molecule. In this one atom have a negative charge and one atom have a positive charge.

The arrow points from less electronegative element to more electronegative element and that show the direction of the dipole.

Electronegativity: Polar molecules must contain polar bonds due to a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. The capability of an atom to attract the shared electrons in a chemical bond is defined as electronegativity.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether Si−Ge or Ge−C has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether S−H or O−H has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether B−C or B−Si has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

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Draw a Lewis Structure for each of the following species and assign formal charge where appropriate. Using electronegative values from the period table that was provided identify polar covalent bonds and label the atoms δ+ and δ−. For each of the molecules indicate whether or not it has a dipole moment. (a)CH5N (b) HCN (c) H2CO (d) CH3NC(e) CH3SOCH3 (f) H6BN

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.53QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether N−O or C−O has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A polar bond is a type of chemical bond where pair of electrons are unequally shared between two atoms.

Polarity: Polarity is a separation of electric charge that leads to a molecule or its chemical groups to have an electric dipole moment.

The polarity is determined by the electronegativity difference of atoms bonded to each other. The larger difference in electronegativity accounts for the more polar bond.

Dipole moment: Dipole moment is a measure of the unequal sharing of electrons in a molecule. In this one atom have a negative charge and one atom have a positive charge.

The arrow points from less electronegative element to more electronegative element and that show the direction of the dipole.

Electronegativity: Polar molecules must contain polar bonds due to a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. The capability of an atom to attract the shared electrons in a chemical bond is defined as electronegativity.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether Si−Ge or Ge−C has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether S−H or O−H has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether B−C or B−Si has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.53QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether N−O or C−O has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A polar bond is a type of chemical bond where pair of electrons are unequally shared between two atoms.

Polarity: Polarity is a separation of electric charge that leads to a molecule or its chemical groups to have an electric dipole moment.

The polarity is determined by the electronegativity difference of atoms bonded to each other. The larger difference in electronegativity accounts for the more polar bond.

Dipole moment: Dipole moment is a measure of the unequal sharing of electrons in a molecule. In this one atom have a negative charge and one atom have a positive charge.

The arrow points from less electronegative element to more electronegative element and that show the direction of the dipole.

Electronegativity: Polar molecules must contain polar bonds due to a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. The capability of an atom to attract the shared electrons in a chemical bond is defined as electronegativity.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether Si−Ge or Ge−C has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether S−H or O−H has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether B−C or B−Si has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.53QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether N−O or C−O has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A polar bond is a type of chemical bond where pair of electrons are unequally shared between two atoms.

Polarity: Polarity is a separation of electric charge that leads to a molecule or its chemical groups to have an electric dipole moment.

The polarity is determined by the electronegativity difference of atoms bonded to each other. The larger difference in electronegativity accounts for the more polar bond.

Dipole moment: Dipole moment is a measure of the unequal sharing of electrons in a molecule. In this one atom have a negative charge and one atom have a positive charge.

The arrow points from less electronegative element to more electronegative element and that show the direction of the dipole.

Electronegativity: Polar molecules must contain polar bonds due to a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. The capability of an atom to attract the shared electrons in a chemical bond is defined as electronegativity.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether Si−Ge or Ge−C has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether S−H or O−H has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether B−C or B−Si has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

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Answer 5

Chapter 9, Problem 9.53QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether N−O or C−O has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A polar bond is a type of chemical bond where pair of electrons are unequally shared between two atoms.

Polarity: Polarity is a separation of electric charge that leads to a molecule or its chemical groups to have an electric dipole moment.

The polarity is determined by the electronegativity difference of atoms bonded to each other. The larger difference in electronegativity accounts for the more polar bond.

Dipole moment: Dipole moment is a measure of the unequal sharing of electrons in a molecule. In this one atom have a negative charge and one atom have a positive charge.

The arrow points from less electronegative element to more electronegative element and that show the direction of the dipole.

Electronegativity: Polar molecules must contain polar bonds due to a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. The capability of an atom to attract the shared electrons in a chemical bond is defined as electronegativity.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether Si−Ge or Ge−C has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether S−H or O−H has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether B−C or B−Si has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 6

Chapter 9, Problem 9.53QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether N−O or C−O has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A polar bond is a type of chemical bond where pair of electrons are unequally shared between two atoms.

Polarity: Polarity is a separation of electric charge that leads to a molecule or its chemical groups to have an electric dipole moment.

The polarity is determined by the electronegativity difference of atoms bonded to each other. The larger difference in electronegativity accounts for the more polar bond.

Dipole moment: Dipole moment is a measure of the unequal sharing of electrons in a molecule. In this one atom have a negative charge and one atom have a positive charge.

The arrow points from less electronegative element to more electronegative element and that show the direction of the dipole.

Electronegativity: Polar molecules must contain polar bonds due to a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. The capability of an atom to attract the shared electrons in a chemical bond is defined as electronegativity.

Answer 7

Chapter 9, Problem 9.53QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether N−O or C−O has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A polar bond is a type of chemical bond where pair of electrons are unequally shared between two atoms.

Polarity: Polarity is a separation of electric charge that leads to a molecule or its chemical groups to have an electric dipole moment.

The polarity is determined by the electronegativity difference of atoms bonded to each other. The larger difference in electronegativity accounts for the more polar bond.

Dipole moment: Dipole moment is a measure of the unequal sharing of electrons in a molecule. In this one atom have a negative charge and one atom have a positive charge.

The arrow points from less electronegative element to more electronegative element and that show the direction of the dipole.

Electronegativity: Polar molecules must contain polar bonds due to a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. The capability of an atom to attract the shared electrons in a chemical bond is defined as electronegativity.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether Si−Ge or Ge−C has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether Si−Ge or Ge−C has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether S−H or O−H has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether S−H or O−H has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether B−C or B−Si has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether B−C or B−Si has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.1QE Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.2QE Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.3QE Ch. 9 - What main factors control the magnitude of lattice...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.5QE Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.6QE Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.7QE Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.8QE Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.9QE Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.10QE

Solution Summary: The author explains that polar bonds are a separation of electric charge that leads to an electric dipole moment.

Concept explainers

Interpretation:

Whether Si−Ge or Ge−C has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Interpretation:

Whether S−H or O−H has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Interpretation:

Whether B−C or B−Si has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

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Chapter 9 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains that polar bonds are a separation of electric charge that leads to an electric dipole moment.

Concept explainers

Interpretation: Whether Si−Ge or Ge−C has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given. Concept Introduction: Refer to part (a)

Interpretation: Whether S−H or O−H has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given. Concept Introduction: Refer to part (a)

Interpretation: Whether B−C or B−Si has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given. Concept Introduction: Refer to part (a)

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Chapter 9 Solutions

Interpretation:

Whether Si−Ge or Ge−C has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Interpretation:

Whether S−H or O−H has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Interpretation:

Whether B−C or B−Si has the greater polarity has to be identified. Also, the direction of the dipole moment has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)