Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 14.3, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason of having
Introduction:
The genetic code is a guide that defines how the information in the form of nucleotides on the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is converted to amino acids. The nucleotides that form the backbone of DNA along with sugar and phosphate moieties are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). On the ribonucleic acid (RNA) strand, there is uracil (U) instead of thymine. Three nucleotides form one codon, which translates into an amino acid.
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What is meant by the statement “The genetic code is universal”? What is the significance of this finding?
The genetic code consists of a series of three-base wordsthat each code for a given amino acid.(a) Using the selections from the genetic code shown below, de-termine the amino acid sequence coded by the following seg-ment of RNA: UCCACAGCCUAUAUGGCAAACUUGAAG AUG= methionine ;CCU= proline; CAU= histidine ;UGG= tryptophan AAG= lysine ; UAU= tyrosine ;GCC= alanine ;UUG= leucine ;CGG= arginine ;UGU= cysteine ;AAC =asparagine ;ACA=threonine ;UCC= serine ;GCA=alanine ;UCA=serine(b) What is the complementary DNA sequence from which this RNA sequence was made? (c) If you were sequencing the DNA fragment in part (b), how many complementary chain pieces would you obtain in the tube containing ddATP?
Use the following DNA sequence, and write the resulting messenger RNA sequence TACTTTGAATGCGGCCGTATC?
Chapter 14 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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- Describe the three important of the protein DnaA.arrow_forwardWhy may tRNA be considered the “interpreter” of the genetic code?arrow_forwardWhat are the sequences of all the possible tripeptides that contain the amino acids aspartic acid, leucine, and phenylalanine? Use the threeletter abbreviations to express your answer.arrow_forward
- What do you mean by ordered genetic code ?arrow_forwardA portion of the sequence from the DNA coding strand of the chick ovalbumin gene is shown. Determine the partial amino acid sequence of the encoded protein. CTCAGAGTTCACCATGGGCTCCATCGGTGCAGCAAGCATGGAA-(1104 bp)-TTCTTTGGCAGATGTGTTTCCCCTTAAAAAGAA Enter the 3-letter abbreviation for each amino acid in sequence, separated with dashes, and no spaces (example: xxx-xxx-XXX-XXX...) The amino acid sequence is .1104bp..…........arrow_forwardAs you should recall, DNA, when not being actively transcribed, has a double helical structure. This portion of the DNA has had the two strands separated in preparation of transcribing for a needed protein. The following is one of the two complimentary strands of DNA: 3' - AACCAGTGGTATGGTGCGATGATCGATTCGAGGCTAAAATACGGATTCGTACGTAGGCACT - 5' Q: Based on written convention, i.e. the 3'-5' orientation, is this the coding strand or the template strand? ______________________________ Q: Assuming this strand extends from base #1 to #61 (going left to right), interpret the correctly transcribed mRNA and translated polypeptide for bases 24 - 47: mRNA: ___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___- polypeptide chain: ________--________--________--________--________--________--________--________arrow_forward
- What does it mean when we say that the genetic code is degenerate? Discuss the universality of the genetic code.arrow_forwardDescribe the structure of a polysome, which is depicted.arrow_forwardExplain the significance of the following statement: The functioning of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases is referred to as the second genetic code.arrow_forward
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