Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The fraction of acid ionized in
Concept Introduction:
A weak acid in water produces a hydrogen ion and conjugate base. When weak acid dissolves in water, some acid molecules transfer proton to water.
In solution of weak acid, the actual concentration of the acid molecules becomes less because partial dissociation of acid has occurred and lost protons to form hydrogen ions.
The reaction is as follows:
The reaction is as follows:
The expression for
For value of
The fraction ionized is equal to ratio of concentration of ionized acid to analytical concentration multiplied by 100.
(a)
Answer to Problem 15.67QE
The fraction of acid ionizedin
Explanation of Solution
The chemical equation for ionization of
The concentration of
Also,
Consider the concentration of
The ICE table for the above reaction is as follows:
The expression for
Substitute
Rearrange above equation to obtain the required quadratic equation to compute the concentration of hydrogen ion as follows:
Solve for x, therefore the concentration of hydrogen ion is as calculated follows:
Or,
Neglect, the negative value of x as concentration cannot be negative.
Therefore concentration of
The equation for fraction of acid ionized of
Substitute
Hence, the fraction of acid ionized in
(b)
Interpretation:
The fraction of acid ionized in
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(b)
Answer to Problem 15.67QE
The fraction of acid ionized in
Explanation of Solution
The chemical equation for ionization of
The concentration of
Also,
Consider the concentration of
The ICE table for the above reaction is as follows:
The expression for
Substitute
Rearrange above equation to obtain the required quadratic equation to compute the concentration of hydrogen ion as follows:
Solve for x, therefore the concentration of hydrogen ion is as calculated follows:
Or,
Neglect, the negative value of x as concentration cannot be negative.
Therefore, concentration of
The equation for fraction of acid ionized in
Substitute
Hence, the fraction of acid ionized in
(c)
Interpretation:
The fraction of acid ionized in
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)
Answer to Problem 15.67QE
The fraction of acid ionized in
Explanation of Solution
The chemical equation for ionization of
The concentration of
Also,
Let us assume the concentration of
The ICE table for the above reaction is as follows:
The expression for
Substitute
Rearrange above equation to obtain the required quadratic equation to compute the concentration of hydrogen ion as follows:
Solve for x, therefore the concentration of hydrogen ion is as calculated follows:
Or,
Neglect, the negative value of x as concentration cannot be negative.
Therefore, concentration of
The equation for fraction of acid ionized in
Substitute
Hence, the fraction of acid ionized in
(d)
Interpretation:
The fraction of acid ionized in
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(d)
Answer to Problem 15.67QE
The fraction of acid ionized in
Explanation of Solution
The chemical equation for ionization of
The concentration of
Also,
Let us assume the concentration of
The ICE table for the above reaction is as follows:
The expression for
Substitute
Rearrange above equation to obtain the required quadratic equation to compute the concentration of hydrogen ion as follows:
Solve for
Or,
Neglect, the negative value of x as concentration cannot be negative.
Therefore, concentration of
The equation for fraction of acid ionized in
Substitute
Hence, the fraction of acid ionized in
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Chapter 15 Solutions
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