Predict whether the following reactions would occur spontaneously in aqueous solution at
Interpretation:
Whether the given reaction would occur spontaneously in an aqueous solution or not is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Electrolysis is the process in which the reaction takes place at electrodes. The electrode that is positivelyharged is called anode. The electrode that is negativelycharged is called cathode. During electrolysis, reduction takes place at the cathode and oxidation takes place at the anode.
Oxidation is the addition of an electronegative element or the removal of an electropositive element, in a chemical reaction.
Reduction is the addition of an electropositive element or the removal of an electronegative element, in a chemical reaction.
A galvanic cell is made up of two halfcells, cathodic and anodic. This cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
An atom with a high value of standard reduction potential is a good oxidizing agent. An atom with a low value of standard reduction potential is a good reducing agent.
According to the standard reduction potential values, the electrode that has less negative reduction potential will act as a cathode and will undergo reduction. However, if the reduction potential of the electrode is more negative, that electrode will act as an anode and will undergo oxidation.
The standard cell potential can be calculated by the expression as:
If the
If the
Answer to Problem 15QP
Solution:
(a)
The reaction is spontaneous.
(b)
The reaction is not spontaneous.
(c)
The reaction is not spontaneous.
(d)
The reaction is spontaneous.
Explanation of Solution
a)
For a spontaneous reaction, the
Consider that the galvanic cell is made up of
The cell diagram is as follows:
The two half cells and their standard reduction potentials are as follows:
The standard cell potential is calculated by using the expression given below.
Substitute the values of
The standard cell potential is
As the
b)
For a spontaneous reaction, the
Consider that the galvanic cell is made up of
The cell diagram is as follows:
The two half cells and their standard reduction potentials are as follows:
The standard cell potential is calculated by using theexpression given below:
Substitute the values of
The standard cell potential is
As the
c)
For a spontaneous reaction, the
Consider that the galvanic cell is made up of
The cell diagram is as follows:
The two half cells and their standard reduction potentials are as follows:
The standard cell potential is calculated by using the expression given below.
Substitute the values of
The standard cell potential is
As the
d)
For a spontaneous reaction, the
Consider that the galvanic cell is made up of
The cell diagram is as follows:
The two half cells and their standard reduction potentials are as follows:
The standard cell potential is calculated by using the expression given below.
Substitute the values of
The standard cell potential is
As the
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Chapter 19 Solutions
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