Principles of Foundation Engineering (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781337705028
Author: Braja M. Das, Nagaratnam Sivakugan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 2, Problem 2.16P
(a)
To determine
Find the consolidation settlement.
(b)
To determine
Find the consolidation settlement due to the warehouse construction.
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The representative liquid limit and plastic limit values of a saturated consolidate clay deposit are 60%
and 30%, respectively. The saturated unit weight of the soil is 19 kN/m³. The water table is at 8m
below ground level. At a depth of 10m from the ground surface, what is the undrained shear strength
of the soil.
A stratum of normally consolidated clay 7 m thick is located at a depth 12m below ground level. The natural moisture content of the clay is 40.5 per cent and its liquid limit is 48 per cent. The specific gravity of the solid particles is 2.76. The water table is located at a depth 5 m below ground surface. The soil is sand above the clay stratum. The submerged unit weight of the sand is 1 1 kN/m3 and the same weighs 18 kN/m3 above the water table. The average increase in pressure at the center of the clay stratum is 120 kN/m2 due to the weight of a building that will be constructed on the sand above the clay stratum. Estimate the expected settlement of the structure in cm.
a. 9.55
b. 4.96
c. 4.83
d. 23.3
A 5 m thick clay layer lies between two layers of
sand each 4 m thick, the top of the upper layer
of sand being at ground level. The water table is
2 m below the ground level but the lower layer of
sand is under artesian pressure, the piezometric
surface being 4m above ground level. The
27
saturated unit weight of clay is 20 kN/m³ and that
of sand is 19 kN/m³. Above the water table unit
weight of sand is 16.5 kN/m³. Calculate the
effective vertical stresses at the top and bottom
of the clay layer. Also draw the total vertical stress
diagram in the given soil layers.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Principles of Foundation Engineering (MindTap Course List)
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- A stratified soil sample has the following profile characteristics: LAYER 1: The upper later is a 4-m thick sand layer with void ration = 0.61 and specific gravity of solids = 2.65. LAYER 2: The lower layer is a 5-m thick clay layer with void ration = 0.48 and specific gravity of solids = 2.67. If the ground water table is situated at the interface between the sand and clay layers, evaluate the effective stress (in kPa) at the bottom of the sand layer, and the effective stress at the bottom of the clay layer.arrow_forwardThe water content and the total density in a partially saturated sand ( G= 2.64) layer are w=20% and p=1.8 g/cm3 , respectively. If the maximum and minimum values of the void ratio are 0.92 and 0.62, respectively determine the relative density Dr of the sand in this layer.arrow_forwardA ground profile consists of 2.0 meters silty sand underlain by 3.0 meters of clay. The ground water table is 3.0 meters below the ground surface. The sand has a unit weight of 14 kN/cu.meter. The clay has a unit weight of 16 kN/cu.meter above the water table and 20 kN/cu.meter below the water table. Determine the total soil stress at the bottom of the clay layer.arrow_forward
- 1.) The soil profile consist of 10 m layer of sand underlain by a 5.5 m layer of clay. The location of water table is 4 m from the ground surface. The unit weight of sand above the water table is 16.05 kN/m^3 and below the saturated unit weight of sand is 18.11 kN/m^3. The clay has a saturated unit weight of 20.73 kN/m^3, void ratio equal to 0.75, and liquid limit of 40. If a uniformly distributed load, Ao = 75 kPa, is applied at the ground surface, what is the settlement of the clay layer caused by primary consolidation if a. The clay is normally consolidated b. The preconsolidation pressure is 200 kN/m^2arrow_forwardUnder normal loading condition, a 3.6-m thick clay (normally consolidated) has po = 190 kPa and eo = 1.22. A surcharge of 190 kPa reduces its void ratio to 0.91. The hydraulic conductivity of the clay for the loading range is 6.1 x 10-5 m/day. a. What is the coefficient of volume compressibility of the clay? b. What is the coefficient of consolidation of the clay? c. How long will it take for this clay layer to reach 60% consolidation if it is drained on one side only? Please answer this asap. For upvote. Thank you very mucharrow_forward3. A layered soil is shown with the corresponding values K1, K2, and K3. a. Compute the equivalent horizontal coefficient of permeability b. Compute the equivalent vertical coefficient of permeability c. Compute the ratio of the equivalent horizontal coefficient of permeability to the equivalent vertical coefficient of permeability T H1= 3 m K1 =2 x 10 cm/s H2= 4 m K1 =3.2 x 10?cm/s H= 12 m H3= 5 m K1 =4.1 x 10 cm/sarrow_forward
- A sand with Gs= 2.66 and void ratio e=0.60 is completely dry. It been becomes wetted by a rising groundwater table. Compute the unit weight in KN/cu.m. under the following conditions:a) When the sand is completely dryb) When the sand is 40% saturatedc) When the sand is completely saturatedarrow_forward1) A layer of sand extends from ground level to a depth of 9m and overlies a 6m thick clay layer, which has very low permeability. The water table is 6m below the surface of the sand. For the given soil profile the saturated unit weight of the sand is 18 kN/m³ and the clay is 19 kN/m³; the unit weight of the sand above the water table is 15 kN/m³. Over a short period of time the water table rises by 3m and is expected to remain permanently at this new level. Determine the effective vertical stress at depths of 8 and 12m below ground level for the following situations: a) Immediately after the rise of the water table b) Several years after the rise of the water table. WT(2) WT(1) 0 8 m 12 m SAND CLAY 3m 6 m 9m 6 marrow_forward-14. A fine sand has an in-place unit weight of 18.85 kN/m³ and a water content of 5.2%. The specific gravity of sol ids is 2.66. Void ratios at densest and loosest conditions are 0.38 and 0.92, respectively. Find the relative density.arrow_forward
- A fine, dry sand with an in-place unit weight of 17. 28 KN/m^3 has a spocific gravity of solids of 2.62. The void ratio at its densest condition is 0.368 and the void ratio at the loosest condition is 0.938. Determine the relative density of the soil.arrow_forwardA sandy soil has in place unit weight 18.5 kN/m3 and water content 12%. The void ratio at the densest condition is 0.361, and at the loosest condition is 0.94. Consider Gs = 2.65. Calculate: a. The relative density b. Maximum wet unit weightarrow_forward1. Under normal loading condition, a 3.6 m thick clay (normally consolidated) has P, = 190 KPa and e, =1.22. A surcharge of 190 KPa reduces its void ratio to 0.98. The hydraulic conductivity of the clay for the loading range is 6.1 x 10ʻ m/day. a. What is the coefficient of volume compressibility of the clay? b. What is the coefficient of consolidation of the clay? c. How long will it take for this clay layer to reach 60% consolidation if it is drained on one side only?arrow_forward
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