Chemistry: Principles and Practice
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780534420123
Author: Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 20, Problem 20.84QE
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The possible resonance forms of
Concept introduction:
Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.
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Draw Lewis structures and assign formal charges for the following compounds and ions.
Note any resonance forms and explain which resonance form is the most important.
Make a note of any other unusual features (such as "this one doesn't work" and why-
what are the shortcomings of the model.)
CO3²-
CO
NO₂
CNO (include isomers)
Al₂Cl6
B₂H6
O2 (paramagnetic)
H3O+
LiF
IF7
Calculate ΔH° (in kJ) for the following reaction.
Bond energies:
C-O 350 kJ/mol
H-O 464 kJ/mol
Draw the best Lewis structure for CO2 and determine the formal charge on carbon.
O +2
O -1
O +3
O 4
Chapter 20 Solutions
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.1QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.2QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.3QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.4QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.5QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.6QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.7QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.8QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.9QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.10QE
Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.11QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.12QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.13QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.14QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.15QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.16QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.17QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.18QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.19QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.20QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.21QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.23QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.24QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.25QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.26QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.27QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.28QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.30QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.31QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.32QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.33QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.34QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.35QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.36QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.37QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.38QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.39QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.40QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.41QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.42QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.43QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.44QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.46QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.47QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.49QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.50QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.51QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.52QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.53QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.54QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.55QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.56QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.57QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.58QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.59QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.60QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.61QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.62QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.63QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.64QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.65QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.66QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.67QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.68QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.69QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.70QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.71QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.72QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.73QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.74QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.75QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.76QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.77QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.78QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.79QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.80QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.82QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.83QECh. 20 - Prob. 20.84QE
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- Write Lewis Structure and Determine the Formal Charge of H C N H N C Which is the best way to represent hydrocyanic acid? Why?arrow_forwardThe carbonate anion, CO32- , is a resonance hybrid. Draw all of the important resonance structures for this molecule. If an atom has a nonzero formal charge, be sure the formal charge is shown clearly in the structure. Use the resonance structures to calculate the average formal charge on each O atom (which are all equivalent in the "true" structure). [Note: all of the important contributing resonance structures have octets around each atom that desires an octet.]arrow_forwardDraw the number of resonance structures for [CH2CHCH2]+ . (this is a condensed structural formula; draw 2 resonance structures) Show nonzero formal charges.arrow_forward
- Determine the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in each of the structures. NH3 NH2 H2N-OH E All nonbonding electrons are shown. What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in structure A? structure B? + What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in structure C? structure D? + What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in structure E? structure F? What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in structure G?arrow_forwardDoes CH3COCH3 has molecular resonance? If so, show all possible forms.arrow_forwardMolecules containing a single atom of nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen can gain an electron to form an anion.All non-bonding electrons and nonzero formal charges should be included in the structure. What is the most stable resonance structure if nitrogen is the central atom in the CNO– ion? What is the most stable resonance structure if carbon is the central atom in the NCO– ion? What is the most stable resonance structure if oxygen is the central atom in the CON– ion?arrow_forward
- Using the bond energies provided, calculate the enthalpy of the reaction (∆Hrxn, in kJ) for the combustion of methanol shown below. CH3OH(l) +3/2 O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2 H2O(g)arrow_forwardWhat is the formal charge on the labeled atom (Nitrogen)? CH,CEN-H O-2 O+2 O+1 O-1arrow_forwardDraw the lowest energy Lewis structure of CN^-. What is the formal charge on the carbon Adam?arrow_forward
- What's the formal charge of the central carbonarrow_forwardMethanal can be made through the partial oxidation of methane using O2 in the presence of a catalyst: CH4 (g) + O2 (g) → CH2O(g) + H,O(g) a. Use bond dissociation enthalpies to estimate the enthalpy change for this reaction. Bond ΔΗ (kJ/mol) C-H 413 O=0 498 O=C 745 0-H 463 Enthalpy change = kJ b. Calculate the enthalpy change for this reaction from enthalpies of formation. Substance A;H (kJ/mol) CH4 (g) -74.87 O2 (g) H2 O(g) -241.8 CH20(g) -115.9 Enthalpy change kJarrow_forwardLike several other bonds, carbon-oxygen bonds have lengths and strengths that depend on the bond order. Draw Lewis structures for the following species, and arrange them in order of increasing carbon-oxygen bond strength. (Indicate the order with the numbers from the drop-down list, starting with 1 for the compound with the smallest bond strength to 5 for the compound with the largest bond strength.) H2CO CH4O CO HCO3-(H attached to O) CO32-arrow_forward
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