Biology: Life on Earth
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321729712
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: Benjamin Cummings
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Chapter 21, Problem 3RQ
Describe evolutionary trends in the life cycles of plants. Emphasize the relative sizes of the gametophyte and sporophyte.
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Diagram the relationship between the sporophyteand gametophyte generations in bryophytes, ferns,gymnosperms, and angiosperms. Show the relative sizesand physical interactions (if any) of the two generations.
Describe evolutionary trends in the life cycles of plants.Emphasize the relative sizes of the gametophyte andsporophyte.
Plant Diversity
Know the phylum, domain and supergroup of land plants and its sister taxon.
Describe at least four out of the seven derived traits of land plants.
Describe and draw a general land plant life cycle (know the terms haploid, diploid, gametophyte, sporophyte, spore, meiosis, mitosis)
Chapter 21 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth
Ch. 21 - 1. Scientists hypothesize that the ancestors of...Ch. 21 - Plant adaptations to life on land include a(n)...Ch. 21 - 3. Seedless vascular plants must reproduce when...Ch. 21 - 4. Three groups of nonvascular plants are _______,...Ch. 21 - 1. What is meant by “alternation of generations”?...Ch. 21 - 2. Explain the evolutionary changes in plant...Ch. 21 - Describe evolutionary trends in the life cycles of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 4RQCh. 21 - List the structural adaptations necessary for the...Ch. 21 - The number of species of flowering plants is...
Ch. 21 - List the adaptations of gymnosperms that have...Ch. 21 - What is a pollen grain? What role has it played in...Ch. 21 - The majority of all plants are seed plants. What...Ch. 21 - You are a geneticist working for a firm that...Ch. 21 - 1. Prior to the development of synthetic drugs,...Ch. 21 - 2. Only a few hundred of the more than 200,000...
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- Draw a generalized pine tree life cycle and identify the following structures: male and female gametophytes, pollen grain, integuments, archegonium, egg, embryo, and sporophyte.arrow_forwardRelate the structure of an angiosperm leaf to each of the following:- Adaptations for photosynthesis and food storage.- Adaptations for food translocation and water transport.- Specialized adaptations to a desert environment.arrow_forwardWrite a note on origin and evolution of multicellular plants.arrow_forward
- Identify three major functions of roots. Describe two types of specialized stems. What is each type of stem specialized for? Discuss the main parts of an angiosperm leaf. Predict how the stem of a desert plant might be specialized for its environment. Contrast a taproot system with a fibrous root system. Relate leaf variation to environmental variation.arrow_forwardDraw the gametophyte and sporophyte stage of each representatives of nonvascular plants. Label the parts. Liverworts: Hornworts:arrow_forwardPlant Traits Table PLANT VOCABULARY DOMINANT GENERATION Sporophyte/Gametophyte CELL TYPE IN ADULT ORGANISM Haploid = Diploid= VASCULAR TISSUES PRESENT Phloem = Xylem = MALE SEX CELLS/ IS WATER NEEDED? Pollen = Anther = FEMALE SEX CELLS FLOWERS? Ova = Ovary = SEEDS "NAKED" OR IN FRUIT? Seed = Fruit= ROOT SYSTEM PRESENT AND TYPE? Rhizome Tuber Lo Bryophyta gametophyte sporophyte haploid non-vascular antheridia water is needed reproduce by spores archegonia no flowers thru spores Seedless reproduce by spores Monilophyta no tubers xxxi diploid vascular reproduce by spore gymnosperm not Cycad large compound leaves water is needed kwood trink noflowers reproducee by spores seedless reproduce by spores produce poiler need water Cones have ovules → fertilized by pollen that is carried by nind or insects vhizo beeeeeeey Complex root large roots absorbwater system w/ + hutnents thru their leaves lair main roots + lateral roots true rhizome no tubers Seeds in a woody cone system woody rhizome ho…arrow_forward
- Discuss the adaptations that have enabled flowering plants to overcome the following problems associated with life on land.* The absence of an aquatic environment for reproduction.* The absence of an aquatic environment to support the plant body.* Dehydration of the plant.arrow_forwardDescribe some typical hygrophytic adaptations of plants.arrow_forwardCompare and contrast the morphological features of monocot and dicot leaves in the table below: Characteristics Monocot leaves Dicot Leaves Leaf stalk Leaf sheath Limana or blade Venation Stipule Ligulearrow_forward
- Differentiate the reproductive structures and processes of the four plant representatives according to the categories provided. Bryophye Pteridophyte Gymnosperm Angiosperm TWO distinguishing characteristics of fertilization TWO distinguishing characteristics of embryogenesisarrow_forwardCompare the generalized life cycles of homosporous and heterosporous plants.arrow_forwardDescribe the reproductive adaptations of plants.arrow_forward
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