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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The IUPAC name for the given alcohol has to be assigned.
Concept Introduction:
IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:
- Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in
alkane with “-ol”. - The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.
- Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.
- If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.
- Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.
IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:
- The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.
(b)
Interpretation:
The IUPAC name for the given alcohol has to be assigned.
Concept Introduction:
IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:
- Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”.
- The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.
- Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.
- If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.
- Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.
IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:
- The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.
(c)
Interpretation:
The IUPAC name for the given alcohol has to be assigned.
Concept Introduction:
IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:
- Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”.
- The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.
- Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.
- If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.
- Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.
IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:
- The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.
(d)
Interpretation:
The IUPAC name for the given alcohol has to be assigned.
Concept Introduction:
IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:
- Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”.
- The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.
- Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.
- If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.
- Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.
IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:
- The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Organic And Biological Chemistry
- Organic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningWorld of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
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