Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The element with higher first ionization energy should be predicted from Rb and Sr.
Concept Introduction:
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion is termed as ionization energy.
(b)
Interpretation:
The element with higher first ionization energy should be predicted from Po and Rn.
Concept Introduction:
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion is termed as ionization energy.
(c)
Interpretation:
The element with higher first ionization energy should be predicted from Xe and Cs.
Concept Introduction:
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion is termed as ionization energy.
(d)
Interpretation:
The element with higher first ionization energy should be predicted from Ba and Sr.
Concept Introduction:
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion is termed as ionization energy.
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Principles of Modern Chemistry
- For each of the following pairs of atoms, state which youexpect to have the greater electron affinity: (a) Xe or Cs;(b) Pm or F; (c) Ca or K; (d) Po or At.arrow_forward7. Which element has the smallest first ionization energy? (a) Cs (b) Ga (c) K (d) Bi (e) As 8. Which element has the smallest second ionization energy? (a) Mg (b) Li (c) S (d) O (e) Ca 9. Which of the following sets contain all linear molecules? (a) H2S, HCN, CO2. (b) HCN, O2, CO2 (c) H2O, CO, Cl2. (d) H2S, CO, CO2. (e) BF3, Cl2, O2 10. The molecular geometry of SnCl3-ion is: (a) trigonal planar (b) T-shaped. (c) trigonal pyramidal. (d) Tetrahedral (e) see-saw 11. The geometry of the molecule SPC13 is best described as: (a) square planar (b) trigonal pyramidal (c) trigonal bipyramidal. (d) octahedral (e) tetrahedral 12. The O-S-Cl bond angles in O2SCl2 are expected to be approximately: (a) 90° (b) 109.5° (c) 120° (d)180 ° (e) 90° and 120°arrow_forwardFor each of the following pairs of atoms, state which you expect to have the higher first ionization energy. Briefly explain your reasoning: (a) Bi or Xe; (b) Se or Te; (c) K or Ne;arrow_forward
- When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it forms anoxoacid with the same nonmetal oxidation state. Give the name and formula of the oxide used to prepare each of these oxoacids:(a) hypochlorous acid; (b) chlorous acid; (c) chloric acid; (d) perchloric acid; (e) sulfuric acid; (f ) sulfurous acid; (g) nitricacid; (h) nitrous acid; (i) carbonic acid; ( j) phosphoric acid.arrow_forward11)Explain the given ionization energy for each pair using electron configurations. (12(Be)l1(B), I1(N)>l1(O) ).arrow_forward(b) List some properties of Group 1 elements which indicate they are all metals. (c) What valence do all Group 1 elements exhibit in their compounds? (a) Write the names and symbols of the elements of Group 2.arrow_forward
- When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it forms an oxoacid with the same oxidation number as the nonmetal. Give the name and formula of the oxide used to prepare each of these oxoacids: (a) hypochlorous acid; (b) chlorous acid; (c) chloric acid; (d) perchloric acid; (e) sulfuric acid; (f ) sulfurous acid; (g) nitric acid; (h) nitrous acid; (i) carbonic acid; ( j) phosphoric acid.arrow_forwardUse the periodic table to (i) predict electron configurations for the following species: Arsenic ion, As3– Magnesium ion, Mg2+ Vanadium(II) ion, V2+ (ii) Write the electron configurations of each species in the noble gas notation. (iii) Draw an orbital diagram to represent 1 c above. Draw the Lewis electron dot structures of the following chemical species. In each case you must say whether or not the central atom obeys the Octet Rule. CS2 and H2S CF4 and SiH4 NH2Cl CO32– and BF3 PCl5 ClF3, XeF2, Calculate the formal charge on the Sulphur atom in the Sulphate anion structure shown below(picture attatched) Give the electron-pair and molecular geometries for NF3 and XeF4.arrow_forward2. Which one of each of the following pairs has the higher ionization energy? Explain in detail for each case. (a) Na or K (b) Ве or B (с) В or C (d) N or O F or Ne (f) Mg or Mg* Ne or Naarrow_forward
- Using only the periodic table, arrange each set of atoms inorder of increasing radius: (a) Ba, Ca, Na; (b) In, Sn, As; (c) Al,Be, Si.arrow_forwardConsider these ground-state ionization energies of one-electron species:H=1.31X10³kJ/mol ,He⁺=5.24X10³kJ/mol Li²⁺=1.41X10⁴kJ/mol (a) Write a general expression for the ionization energy of anyone-electron species. (b) Use your expression to calculate theionization energy of B⁴⁺. (c) What is the minimum wavelengthrequired to remove the electron from the n=3 level of He⁺?(d) What is the minimum wavelength required to remove the electron from the n=2 level of Be³⁺?arrow_forwardFor two adjacent ions, the net potential energy is: А В + rn EN - - r where A, B and n are constants, r is in nm and E is in eV. (a) Find the expression for the bonding energy Eg in terms of A, B and n. (b) For two pairs of ions, with A = 1.436, B = 5.86 x 106 and n = 9, solve for ro and Eg.arrow_forward
- Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning