Organic Chemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305080485
Author: John E. McMurry
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3.1, Problem 3P
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Draw the skeletal structure of pentanal from the Lewis structure
(shown below).
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H—C-C-C-C-C-H
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We have thus far determined the single bond connectivity for (CH, ),CO as:
H
Н—с—с-—с—н
H
H
There are six valence electrons still unaccounted. Carbon must form four bonds in order to satisfy the octet rule.
Add a bond to carbon and fill in the remaining missing electrons.
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H
H.
H
H
H
One way of naming alcohols is to name the alkyl group that is attached to the −OH and add the word alcohol. Write bond-line formulas for (a.) propyl alcohol and (b.) isopropyl alcohol.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 3.1 - Prob. 2PCh. 3.1 - Identify the functional groups in the following...Ch. 3.2 - Draw structures of the five isomers of C6H14.Ch. 3.2 - Propose structures that meet the following...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 6PCh. 3.3 - Draw the eight 5-carbon alkyl groups (pentyl...Ch. 3.3 - Identify the carbon atoms in the following...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 9PCh. 3.3 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 3.4 - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 12PCh. 3.4 - Name the eight 5-carbon alkyl groups you drew in...Ch. 3.4 - Give the IUPAC name for the following hydrocarbon,...Ch. 3.7 - Make a graph of potential energy versus angle of...Ch. 3.7 - Sight along the C2-C1 bond of 2-methylpropane...Ch. 3.7 - Sight along the C2-C3 bond of 2,3-dimethylbutane,...Ch. 3.7 - Draw a Newman projection along the C2-C3 bond of...Ch. 3.SE - Prob. 19VCCh. 3.SE - Prob. 20VCCh. 3.SE - Draw a Newman projection along the C2-C3 bond of...Ch. 3.SE - Prob. 22APCh. 3.SE - Prob. 23APCh. 3.SE - Propose structures for the following: (a) A...Ch. 3.SE - Prob. 25APCh. 3.SE - Draw the structures of the following molecules:...Ch. 3.SE - Draw structures that meet the following...Ch. 3.SE - Prob. 28APCh. 3.SE - In each of the following sets, which structures...Ch. 3.SE - There are seven constitutional isomers with the...Ch. 3.SE - Prob. 31APCh. 3.SE - Draw compounds that contain the following: (a) A...Ch. 3.SE - Prob. 33APCh. 3.SE - Draw and name all monochloro derivatives of...Ch. 3.SE - Draw structures for the following: (a)...Ch. 3.SE - Prob. 36APCh. 3.SE - Draw a compound that: (a) Has nine primary...Ch. 3.SE - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 3.SE - Name the five isomers of C6H14.Ch. 3.SE - Explain why each of the following names is...Ch. 3.SE - Prob. 41APCh. 3.SE - Consider 2-methylbutane (isopentane). Sighting...Ch. 3.SE - What are the relative energies of the three...Ch. 3.SE - Construct a qualitative potential-energy diagram...Ch. 3.SE - Prob. 45APCh. 3.SE - Draw the most stable conformation of pentane,...Ch. 3.SE - Draw the most stable conformation of...Ch. 3.SE - Prob. 48APCh. 3.SE - Prob. 49APCh. 3.SE - Formaldehyde, H2C=O, is known to all biologists...Ch. 3.SE - Prob. 51APCh. 3.SE - Increased substitution around a bond leads to...Ch. 3.SE - Prob. 53APCh. 3.SE - In the next chapter we'll look at...Ch. 3.SE - We’ll see in the next chapter that there are two...
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- Two or more of your answers are incorrect. Use this condensed chemical structure to complete the table below. O || CH,=CH–C-H The condensed chemical structure of acrolein Some facts about the acrolein molecule: number of carbon-carbon single (CC) bonds: number of carbon-hydrogen single (CH) bonds: number of lone pairs: X S 2 1 4arrow_forward1. Draw a skeleton and make sure the bonds and lone pairs above are added. It is usually best to start with the carbon atoms, then add oxygens, then hydrogens, and fill in with lone pairs ( normally not on carbon ) or multiple bonds if necessary. С — С — С —о 2. Add the hydrogens to the carbon - oxygen skeleton. ннн H С —С | ннн 3. Complete the structure by adding lone pairs (2) to the oxygen atom. ннн H 0-H нннarrow_forwardUnlike methanol, which is a nearly odorless liquid, methanethiol (CH3SH) is a gas with an appalling odor reminiscent of skunks. It is one of the compounds added to natural gas as a warning for gas leaks. Using appropriate drawing tools, draw the structure of methanethiol in such a way that there is double bond between carbon and sulfur.arrow_forward
- 11. Which statement is true of the carbon-carbon bonds in benzene? (a) They are identical to the carbon-carbon bonds in cyclohexane. (b) They are identical to the carbon-carbon bonds in cyclohexene. (c) They are half-way between a double and single bond. (d) They are easily broken in chemical reactions. (e) They are all double bonds. ct Copyright O 2002 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited Name: Class:arrow_forwardFor a molecular formula of CsH6O: e a) Draw Lewis structures, showing all bonding and non-bonding electrons, for one compound with an alcohol functional group; one with an ether functional group; one with a ketone functional group; and one with an aldehyde functional group. For each compound, indicate all bond angles and build a molecular model. Indicate whether each pair of valence electrons is non-bonding (n) or o- or л-bonded. For each atom, indicate the corresponding orbitals that are involved (e.g. nsp3, osp3-sp3, etc.). b) c)arrow_forwardIf you rotate the hydrogen atoms to a different position in a a model of C2H6 by turning about the central C—C bond, do you get different structural (or constitutional) isomers of C2H5Cl?arrow_forward
- Draw a skeletal ("line") structure of this molecule: CH3 CH₂ CH3 HẸN CCHCH, CH CH₂ Click and drag to start drawing a structure. C™ X ċ cx Ć oloarrow_forward2. For a molecular formula of C5H6O: a) Draw Lewis structures, showing all bonding and non-bonding electrons, for one compound with an alcohol functional group; one with an ether functional group; one with a ketone functional group; and one with an aldehyde functional group. b) For each compound, indicate all bond angles and build a molecular model. c) Indicate whether each pair of valence electrons is non-bonding (n) or σ- or - bonded. For each atom, indicate the corresponding orbitals that are involved (e.g. nsp3, Osp3-sp3, etc.).arrow_forward(a) Label each carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atom as being sp, sp, or sp hybridized. (b) Circle and identify each functional group by its formal name. (c) Redraw the following compound to be a complete Lewis structure, showing all carbons, hydrogens, bonds, and nonbonded electrons. yo 이니 NECarrow_forward
- what does a benzene C6H6 look like in a model? Is it linear, trigonal planar or tetrahedral? What are the bond angles? Is it flexible or rigid?arrow_forwardDodecane, C12H26, is an unbranched alkane Predict the following: Will it dissolve in water? Will it dissolve in hexane? Will it burn when ignited? Is it a liquid, solid, or gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure? Is it more or less dense than water?arrow_forwardConvert each of the following molecular models into a skeletal structure, and give the formula of each. Only the connections between atoms are shown; multiple bonds are not indicated (gray = C, red = O, blue = N, ivory = H).arrow_forward
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