Life: The Science of Biology
Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 51.5, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction

To review:

The parts of mammalian kidney tissues where a higher, lower, and intermediate concentration of mitochondria are found and reason for presence.

Introduction:

The mitochondria are called the powerhouse of the cell as it helps in generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This energy is used in various cellular processes of the body. The active transport which may be defined as the transport of molecules against the concentration gradient requires energy.

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When a clam sperm contacts a clam egg, it triggers ionic changes that result in the breakdown of the egg nuclear envelope, condensation of chromosomes and initiation of meiosis. Two observations confirm that ionic changes initiate these cellular events:  suspending clam eggs in seawater containing 60 mM KCl triggers the same intracellular changes as do sperm suspending eggs in artificial seawater lacking calcium prevents activation by 60mM KCl. The intracellular K+ concentration is 344mM and that of normal seawater is 9 mM.   Why does 60mM KCl affect the changes mimicking the sperm cell? please explain. What does the lack of activation by 60mM KCl in calcium-free seawater suggest about the mechanism of KCl activation? please explain the mechanism.
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