(a)
Interpretation:
The order of increasing first ionization energy of
Concept Introduction:
The energy that is needed to remove an electron from the isolated, neutral gaseous atom is known as ionization energy. It is represented by
(b)
Interpretation:
The order of increasing first ionization energy of
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)
Interpretation:
The order of increasing first ionization energy of
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
- Q1. This question is about atomic structure. (a) Write the full electron configuration for each of the following species. CH Fe2+ (b) Write an equation, including state symbols, to represent the process that occurs when the third ionisation energy of manganese is measured. (c) State which of the elements magnesium and aluminium has the lower first ionisation energy Explain your answer. (d) A sample of nickel was analysed in a time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The sample was ionised by electron impact ionisation. The spectrum produced showed three peaks with abundances as set out in the table. m/z Abundance /% 58 61.0 60 29.1 61 9.9 Give the symbol, including mass number, of the ion that would reach the detector first in the sample. Calculate the relative atomic mass of the nickel in the sample. Give your answer to one decimal place. Page 2 of 12 Symbol of ion Relative atomic massarrow_forward. Using only a periodic table, rank the elements in each set by increasing ionization energy. Explain your answers. (a) Xe, He, Ar (d) Kr, Br, K (b) Sn, In, Sb (e) K, Ca, Rb (c) Sr, Ca, Ba (f) Kr, Br, Rbarrow_forwardArrange the following sets of ions in order of decreasing ionic radii. (a) Br, Cl¯, O², s²- 02 Br > Cl- (b) Cs+, Fr+, Rb+ Fr+ Rb+ Cs+arrow_forward
- Arrange the following sets of ions in order of decreasing ionic radii. (a) Br,I, S² , Se²- (b) Ba2+, Ca?+ Sr²+arrow_forward15. (a) b) Identify the element that is described by the following information. Refer to a periodic table if necessary. It is a group 14 (III A) metalloid in the 3rd period. It is a group 15 (VA) metalloid in the 5th period. It is the other metalloid in group 15 (VA). d) It is a halogen that exists in the liquid state at room temperature. 16. What is the relationship between electron arrangement and the organization of elements in the periodic table?arrow_forwardBy gaining 2 electrons, a sulfur atom attains an electron arrangement like that of the noble gas argon. (a) Explain why the sulfur atom does not become an argon atom. (b) State what the sulfur atom does become when it gains 2 electrons.arrow_forward
- Draw the electron dot formula for each of the following elements: (a) Si (b)Xearrow_forward. (i) Give a detailed explanation why both anions and cations have different sizes compared to their parent atoms. (ii) Arrange the following series of ions in order of increasing size, and give the reason behind your answer. Ca2+, S2−, K+ , Cl−arrow_forwardConsider the isoelectronic series Ca2+, Sc3+, Ti4+, V5+. Arrange these species as follows. (Use the appropriate <, =, or > symbol to separate substances in the list.) (a) in order of increasing atomic or ionic radius (b) in order of increasing ionization energyarrow_forward
- Given the following information about two elements X and Y of the same group. Element Atomic number X 17 Y 35 (a) Deduce the group number of the two elements based on the information given. (b) With the aid of electron diagrams (showing only the outermost shell electrons), explain how element X can form (i) an ionic compound with sodium (ii) a covalent compound with hydrogenarrow_forwardArrange in order of increasing ionization energy. (Use the appropriate <, =, or > symbol to separate substances in the list.) (a) the Group 1A elements Na, H, and Li (b) the Period 4 elements Ga, Se, and Karrow_forwardWrite the ground-state electron configurations of the following ions. (a) Li+ (b) N3− (c) In3+ (Use the noble gas core electron configuration in your answer.) (d) Tl+ (Use the noble gas core electron configuration in your answer.)arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co