Neuroactive drugs, such as the antidepressant fluoxetine, function by affecting the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain. After the neurotransmitter serotonin has crossed the synapse and attached to the postsynaptic neuron, it is normally taken back up by vesicles in the presynaptic neuron. Fluoxetine inhibits this reuptake process, causing serotonin to remain in the synapse for longer than usual. A Synapse W. Nerve impulse 10) Which process labelled in the diagram above is inhibited by the action of fluoxetine? a) Process W b) Process X c) Process Y d) Process Z

Neuroactive drugs, such as the antidepressant fluoxetine, function by affecting the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain. After the neurotransmitter serotonin has crossed the synapse and attached to the postsynaptic neuron, it is normally taken back up by vesicles in the presynaptic neuron. Fluoxetine inhibits this reuptake process, causing serotonin to remain in the synapse for longer than usual. A Synapse W. Nerve impulse 10) Which process labelled in the diagram above is inhibited by the action of fluoxetine? a) Process W b) Process X c) Process Y d) Process Z

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter4: Principles Of Neural And Hormonal Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13RE

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Spastic paralysis (resulting from the failure of muscles to relax), induced by the neurotoxin strychnine, occurs when this poison blocks the binding of: the excitatory neurotransmitter acetylcholine to post-synaptic sodium channels the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate to post-synaptic calcium channels the excitatory neurotransmitter serotonin to post-synaptic potassium channels the inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine to post-synaptic chloride channels the inhibitory neurotransmitter melatonin to post-synaptic bicarbonate channels
The following steps refer to various stages in transmission at a chemical synapse. 1. Neurotransmitter binds with receptors associated with the postsynaptic membrane. 2. Calcium ions rush into neuron's cytoplasm. 3. An action potential depolarizes the membrane of the presynaptic axon terminal. 4. The ligand-gated ion channels open. 5. The synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft. Which step occurs first in transmission at a chemical synapse? Ostep 1 occurs first step 2 occurs first step 3 occurs first step 4 occurs first Ostep 5 occurs first
A chemical synapse is a type of synapse that occurs between two neurons and between a motor neuron and skeletal muscle fibers (i.e. at a Neuromuscular junction, NMJ). Compare and contrast the specific events that occur at chemical synapses at these two sites. Describe clearly how they are similar and how they are different, starting at the arrival of a nerve impulse at the pre-synaptic neuron and ending up with the changes observed at the postsynaptic membranes.
Identify the inhibitory neurotransmitter which opens chloride ion channels. gamma amino butyric acid acetylcholine tubocurarine strychnine glutamate Spastic paralysis (resulting from the failure of muscles to relax), induced by the neurotoxin strychnine, occurs when this poison blocks the binding of: the excitatory neurotransmitter acetylcholine to post-synaptic sodium channels the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate to post-synaptic calcium channels the excitatory neurotransmitter serotonin to post-synaptic potassium channels the inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine to post-synaptic chloride channels the inhibitory neurotransmitter melatonin to post-synaptic bicarbonate channels
An undisclosed drug (Drug A) is a drug that can block voltage-gated K+ channels when being introduced into the bloodstream. Explain the effects of Drug A on the action potentials produced by a neuron. If Drug A could be applied selectively to a presynaptic neuron that releases an excitatory neurotransmitter, analyse how would it alter the synaptic effect of the neurotransmitter on the presynaptic cell. Remark: The word count limit (250 words only), no less than 100 words
The correlation between neurons can explain the basis of the synaptic modification, that is, how much they can connect to each other or if they are not synchronized, how much they can lose or weaken their connections. Draw a picture of an excitatory synapse such as glutamatergic with its receptors between the pre- and postsynaptic neuron.
There are a broad range of anti-epileptic medications currently on the market, with different therapies prescribed for different types and severities of the condition. Given what you have learned about synaptic transmission, which of the following could be a potential therapeutic approach to prevent the spreading of neuronal excitation? (3 correct answers, select all that apply) O A voltage-gated calcium channel blocker/inhibitor selective to glutamate-releasing neurons. O A voltage-gated calcium channel blocker/inhibitor selective to GABA-releasing neurons. O A glutamate receptor blocker (antagonist). O A GABA receptor antagonist. O A glutamate reuptake inhibitor. O A GABA reuptake inhibitor.
Given the steps shown below, which of the following is the correct sequence for transmission at a chemical synapse? 1. neurotransmitter binds with receptor 2. sodium ions rush into neuron's cytoplasm 3. action potential depolarizes the presynaptic membrane 4. ion channel opens to allow particular ion to enter cell 5. synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft O 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 O 5, 1, 2, 4, 3 O 2, 3, 5, 4, 1 O4, 3, 1, 2, 5 O 3, 2, 5, 1, 4
Organize the following steps into the correct signal transmission across a synapse. 1. Neurotransmitter molecules diffuse across the synaptic cleft 2. Neurotransmitter molecules bind to postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptors 3. Synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter molecules 4. Impulse reaches the synaptic knob of the presynaptic neuron
If a patient was experiencing difficulty controlling their movement and displaying motor tremors and this problem was seen ONLY in the central nervous system (not PNS), what system in the central nervous system is likely where the dysfunction is located, what neurotransmitter would likely be related to these symptoms, and what would be the effect of blocking reuptake for this neurotransmitter if the patient was given a reuptake inhibitor for this neurotransmitter?
Place the following events in the correct order 1.depolarasatin reaches the nrve terminal 2.diffusion of the calcuim into the cell 3.vesicle containing neurotransmitter reaches the cell membrane 4.exocytosis 6.large amount of neurotransmitters is broken dow and reuptake takes place 7.Binding of the neurotransmittor to the postsynaptic membrane 8.neurotransmitter reaches the synaptic cliff
Neuroactive drugs, such as the antidepressant fluoxetine, function by affecting the metabolism of the brain. After the neurotransmitter serotonin has crossed the syrupse and attached to the post- synaptic neuron, the serotonin is normally reabsorbed by the pre-synaptic neuron. Fluoxetine inhibits the reuptake of serotonin. allowing it to remain in the synapse much longer than normal A Synapse O a. Z O b. Y с. Х d. W W- Fluoxetine inhibits the process above labelled... Nerve impulse