Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780190209896
Author: Trudy McKee, James R. McKee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Chapter 1, Problem 44RQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The comparison amongthefunctions of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis.
Introduction:
Protein synthesis is the process by which the information present inRNAsequencesaretransferred to polypeptides. The RNA produced after transcription undergoes processing to achieve the features of a polypeptide (protein). It involves the participation of all three RNA molecules:mRNA, tRNA, andrRNA.
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The eukaryotic mRNA is protected from degradation by a 3′ _____________.
Sequence changes in DNA are called ______________.
Expressed sequences of DNA are called ________________.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
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- The genome’s functional gene products are either _____________ or _____________.arrow_forwardTranslation Is Terminated by _______ ________ when a Stop Codon Is Reached.arrow_forwardIf Adenine was added where Guanine should have been added, this would be an example of a ___________________ mutation.arrow_forward
- . ___________________________ factors are proteins thatregulate or initiate RNA synthesis by binding directly orindirectly to specific DNA sequences called responseelements.arrow_forwardQuestion 1: tRNA and amino acyl tRNA synthetases Part g: What chemical and structural characters are shared by the amino acids Ile, Val and Met? Part h: What enzyme attaches Ile to tRNA? Part i: Compare the frequency of the correct Ile entering the active site and the frequency of an incorrect amino acid entering the active site of this enzyme. Be specific with numbers. Part j: Compare the frequency of the correct tRNA(Ile) entering the active site and the frequency of an incorrect tRNA entering the active site of this enzyme. Be specific with numbers. Part k: Apply the Entropy change formula and multiply by T = 303 K (30 C) to determine the energetic cost of accurately attaching Ile to its cognate tRNA(Ile). Part l: Is there enough energy in the chemical transformation of ATP → AMP + 2Pi to pay this information cost?arrow_forward_____________ are the linear sequences of nucleotides in an organism’s genetic information.arrow_forward
- Posttranslational processing enzymes may cleave a____________ or add chemical constituents to itarrow_forwardWhat is unusual about the answers for Questions 13k, 13l, 13m, and 13n? Because the multiple codons exist for most amino acids, the genetic code is said to be _____________.arrow_forwardQuestion 1. Enzymes, proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) macromolecules. Enzymes are not only speed up the reaction, but also are necessary for DNA repreduction. are important biological a) Compare the process of protein synthesis between eukaryote mRNA and viral RNA b) With the aid of a diagram, draw an adapter molecule that recognizes the codons of mRNA and explain its functions in DNA translation.arrow_forward
- Enzymes isolated from bacteria that cut DNA at specificsequences are called ____________________.arrow_forwardQuestion 45 When TRNAS and rRNAs have bases that H-bonds with other bases far apart from each other, the RNA molecules assume its secondary and tertiary structure. A) True B) Falsearrow_forward__________ and_______________ are two granular organelles (enzyme complexes) that, respectively, synthesize and degrade proteins.arrow_forward
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