(a)
To determine: A mechanism for the given reaction.
Interpretation: A mechanism for a given reaction is to be stated.
Concept introduction: The
(b)
To determine: An explanation for the replacement of only one type of hydrogen atom in preference to any other hydrogen atom in the starting material.
Interpretation: An explanation for the replacement of only one type of hydrogen atom in preference to any other hydrogen atom in the starting material is to be stated.
Concept introduction: The chemical reaction which proceeds through the formation of radicals is known as chain reaction. It involves three steps, initiation, propagation and termination. Generally, the initiation step occurs in the presence of light. The order of stability of free radical at carbon atom is
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Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
- Complete each sentence by matching with the correct statement.Increasing the concentration of a reactant: a. Increases the frequency and energy of molecular collisions which speeds up the rate of the reactionb. Reduces the energy and frequency of the collisions thus slowing down the rate of the reactionc. Increases the frequency of molecular collisions thus speeding up the rate of the reactiond. Increases the activation thus speeding up the rate of the reactione. Lowers the activation energy and speeds up the reactionf. Gives the molecules more energyAdding a catalyst to a reaction:a. Increases the frequency and energy of molecular collisions which speeds up the rate of the reactionb. Reduces the energy and frequency of the collisions thus slowing down the rate of the reactionc. Increases the frequency of molecular collisions thus speeding up the rate of the reactiond. Increases the activation thus speeding up the rate of the reactione. Lowers the activation energy and speeds up the…arrow_forwardFor Sn1 and Sn2 reactions, explain why one type of carbon should react faster than others.arrow_forwardMelphalan, a drug used in chemotherapy, reacts with itself in the body before binding with its target, as illustrated in the mechanism below. What is the first pattern of arrow pushing seen in this reaction? (Look at the first arrow coming from the Nitrogen with a lone pair). a. rearrangementc. nucleophilic attackarrow_forward
- Show the steps of the next reaction in detail. And explain why it's hard to go along with the dotted line.arrow_forwardPlease answer the two items. The following compounds are major products of an elimination reaction with an alkyl halide. Determine the structure of the alkyl halide. Write the overall reaction mechanism. Tip: Remember your Markovnikov’s rule. Follow the progress of the reaction and look at the stability of the intermediate products and transition states to determine the minor and major products.arrow_forwardJust the second reaction. Please show in between steps and not just the product.arrow_forward
- a. Draw an energy diagram for this reaction. be sure to label axes, starting materials, any reactive intermediates and products.b. Draw the transition state of this reaction. If an atom has a positive charge indicate it with sigma+/-.arrow_forward1)Calculate the Reaction Rate for each trial using an average of the Time required for the reaction to go to completion. Add these to your above Table. 2)Calculate the Reaction Order for each Species; m and n.arrow_forwarda. Write the full mechanism, step by step, for the following reactions in a way that the formation of the product is explained. Do not forget the correct use of arrows. b. Explain, using structures, why we add the bromide ion on that carbon and not the other.arrow_forward
- A reaction flask contains 2-bromopentane in an ethanolic solution of sodium ethoxide at room temperature and result in the formation of two olefnic products. What is responsible for the formation of major and minor products. A. Different activated complex involved in the mechanism. B. Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction. C. Bimolecular elimination reaction D. The presence of sodium ethoxide. E. The hybridization nature of secondary carbocationarrow_forward10. Explain the reaction shown below. Include the following pieces in your explanation. a. Identify the electrophile and the nucleophile. b. Draw a curved arrow mechanism for this reaction. (Assume an acidic work-up). Explain the electron flow. Indicate any regiochemical or stereochemical preferences. C. d. LIAIH4 OHarrow_forwarda. What reagent(s) are needed to synthesize the enamine below. Also, draw the resonance structure(s) for the enamine. b. Predict the product of the reaction between the enamine from part a and ethyl iodide. Also explain why it forms, including any selectivities. Hint: Consider the type of reaction alkyl halides take part in and the resonance structure(s) in part a. Etlarrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning