Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Whether the given structure is a legitimate Lewis structure is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
For a valid Lewis structure of a molecule, the atoms must not exceed their normal valency. In general, this means atoms from the 2nd row onward, of the periodic table, must follow the octet rule. The exceptions to this rule are elements from the third row like S, P, etc., which are capable of expanding their octets to a maximum of twelve valence electrons. A hydrogen atom cannot have more than two valence electrons.
(b)
Interpretation:
Whether the given structure is a legitimate Lewis structure is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
For a valid Lewis structure of a molecule, the atoms must not exceed their normal valency. In general, this means atoms from the 2nd row onward of the periodic table must follow the octet rule. The exceptions to this rule are elements from the third row like S, P, etc., which are capable of expanding their octets to a maximum of twelve valence electrons. A hydrogen atom cannot have more than two valence electrons.
(c)
Interpretation:
Whether the given structure is a legitimate Lewis structure is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
For a valid Lewis structure of a molecule, the atoms must not exceed their normal valency. In general, this means atoms from the 2nd row onward of the periodic table must follow the octet rule. The exceptions to this rule are elements from the third row like S, P, etc., which are capable of expanding their octets to a maximum of twelve valence electrons. A hydrogen atom cannot have more than two valence electrons.
(d)
Interpretation:
Whether the given structure is a legitimate Lewis structure is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
For a valid Lewis structure of a molecule, the atoms must not exceed their normal valency. In general, this means atoms from the 2nd row onward of the periodic table must follow the octet rule. The exceptions to this rule are elements from the third row like S, P, etc., which are capable of expanding their octets to a maximum of twelve valence electrons. A hydrogen atom cannot have more than two valence electrons.
(e)
Interpretation:
Whether the given structure is a legitimate Lewis structure is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
For a valid Lewis structure of a molecule the atoms must not exceed their normal valency. In general, this means atoms from the 2nd row onward of the periodic table must follow the octet rule. The exceptions to this rule are elements from the third row like S, P, etc. which are capable of expanding their octets to a maximum of twelve valence electrons. A hydrogen atom cannot have more than two valence electrons.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Principles and Mechanisms (Second Edition)
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- Draw the major resonance structure for the compound shown; include lone pairs of electrons, formal charges, and condensed hydrogen atoms (located in the More menu). Then draw curved arrows to show how this can be converted to the Lewis structure givenarrow_forwardProblem What amount (mol) of each ion is in each solution?(a) 5.0 mol of ammonium sulfate dissolved in water(b) 78.5 g of cesium bromide dissolved in water(c) 7.42×1022 formula units of copper(II) nitrate dissolved in water(d) 35 mL of 0.84 M zinc chloridePlan We write an equation that shows 1 mol of compound dissociating into ions. (a) We multiply the number of moles of ions by 5.0. (b) We first convert grams to moles. (c) We first convert formula units to moles. (d) We first convert molarity and volume to moles.arrow_forwardDraw the curved arrows to show the resonance structure for the following molecules. ( there are 3 molecules )arrow_forward
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- (a) Draw all resonance contributors of the following ion. In drawing each additional resonance structure, use curved arrows to indicate which pairs of electrons are being shifted. (b) Draw the resonance hybrid. (c) Which c–C bond is the longest?arrow_forwardThe curved arrow notation introduced in Section 1.6B is a powerful method used by organic chemists to show the movement of electrons not only in resonance structures, but also in chemical reactions.Because each curved arrow shows the movement of two electrons, following the curved arrows illustrates what bonds are broken and formed in a reaction. Consider the following three-step process. (a) Add curved arrows in Step [1] to show the movement of electrons. (b) Use the curved arrows drawn in Step [2] to identify the structure of X. X is converted in Step [3] to phenol and HCl.arrow_forward2. On the first drawing on the left for each structure below, draw the electron pushing arrows needed to produce the resonance structure on the right. The structures are bond-line; you need to draw the implied lone pair electrons that participate in resonance. (b) (a) Ⓒarrow_forward
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