(a)
Interpretation:
The free radical
Concept introduction:
A process of polymerization in which the growth of chain involves free radicals is known as free radical polymerization. The process includes three steps; the chain initiation step, the chain propagation step and the chain termination step. The minimum amount of energy needed to dissociate a bond is known as the
(b)
Interpretation:
The free radical polymerization for LDPE to form branched polyethylene chain is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
A process of polymerization in which the growth of chain involves free radicals is known as free radical polymerization. The process includes three steps; the chain initiation step, the chain propagation step and the chain termination step. The free radical polymerization is an important process for the formation of variety of products with different structural arrangements.
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Organic Chemistry
- (a) What is the difference between an addition polymer and a condensation polymer?(b) PVC or poly(vinyl chloride) is an addition polymer prepared by a chain of radical addition steps. Show mechanism for the propagation step (with curved single-barb arrows) for a single radical addition step, using the radicals shown, then draw the radical product. Note that the addition occurs so as to place the radical onto the CH2.arrow_forward(a) Which monomer is most likely to undergo anionic polymerization? Justify your choice. ( b)Which one ismost likely to undergo cationic polymerization? Justify your choice.arrow_forwardConsider each of the following monomers and predict if it would likely undergo radical, anionic, or cationic addition polymerisation. Then, in the space provided below, draw the electron pushing mechanism for the initiation and the first propagation steps of the monomer that you chose for each (the catalyst is provided for you). Then draw what the growing polymer chain looks like and briefly indicate why you chose that monomer to undergo the selected type of polymerisation (hint: consider concepts such as electron donating group, electron withdrawing group, resonance, and hyperconjugation!)arrow_forward
- (Part 1) Using chem draw or any chemical drawing program, show the reactants and products of the following polymer reactions. You may use n to represent the number of units. Your figures should be in line angle. (Part 2) Draw the mechanism for at least one of the polyacrylamide and one of the sodium polyacrylamide reactions, being consistent in which counter reactant you use. (a) polyacrylamide and water (b) polyacrylamide and isopropyl alcohol (c) polyacrylamide and saturated sodium chloride (d) sodium polyacrylamide and water (e) sodium polyacrylamide and isopropyl alcohol (f) sodium polyacrylamide and saturated sodium chloridearrow_forwardThe conversion of (CH3)3CI to (CH3)2C=CH2 can occur by either a onestepor a two-step mechanism, as shown in Equations [1] and [2].arrow_forwardthe following reaction scheme leads to the formation of compound C. give the structure of the final product C and of the intermediate products A and B and justify, using the mechanism, the formation of the product A. Give the serereochemistry of the final product obtainedarrow_forward
- Rank the following monomers in order of increasing reactivity toward cationic polymerization (least reactive to most reactive).arrow_forward1. Step-Growth Polymerization (a) Draw 2 different combinations of monomers that can be used to synthesize the following polymer and the by-products for each. .. (b) If you were asked to make this polymer on an industrial scale, which of the monomers you have selected in part (a) would you choose? In your answer, provide at least 2 engineering-related rationales your choice by considering the availability/price of the starting materials, any safety considerations for associated with using the materials/the process, or any other scalability considerations.arrow_forwardSubstitutions on aromatic rings are generally carried out by electrophilic substitution, but for the synthesis of phenolic compounds and alkoxy benzene it is carried out by nucleophilic substitution, explain why this is so .arrow_forward
- Rank the following monomers in order of increasing reactivity toward anionic polymerization (least reactive to most reactive).arrow_forwardgive the mechanism of the following reactions and explain why any selectivities occur... please explainarrow_forwardGive the mechanism for the formation of the alcohol given and give the structure of the other alcohol formed.arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning